陇中半干旱区不同类型农户抗旱适应能力定量评价——以榆中县为例

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2018.04.30

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 干旱是全球气候变化背景下备受关注的科学问题之一,不仅影响农业生产,威胁农户生计,甚至阻碍乡村可持续发展。研究农户抗旱适应能力,有助于提升农户生计可持续性。选择榆中县为研究区,借助社会-生态系统框架(SES)下适应能力的概念,构建农户抗旱适应能力评价模型;基于农户调查数据的生计特征统计,将农户分为补贴依赖型、务农专业型、务工专业型、兼业型和职业型,定量评价榆中县农户抗旱适应能力,并分析其影响因素。结果表明:① 农户类型呈现多元化,其中务工专业型农户最多,职业型农户最少。② 农户抗旱适应能力整体稳定性较差,且存在较大的内部差异;不同类型农户抗旱适应能力稳定性从高到低依次为:补贴依赖型>务农专业型>务工专业型>兼业型>职业型。③ 农户抗旱适应能力障碍因素主要有干旱损失、自然资本、农户认知、节水灌溉和社会资本5大维度。

关键词: 农户, 抗旱, 适应能力, 定量评价, 榆中县

Abstract: Drought is one of the scientific issues of concern in the context of global climate change,it not only affects the agricultural production,threatens farmers’ livelihoods,and even restricts the rural sustainable development. It can help us to improve farmers’ livelihood sustainability to study farmers’ adaptive capability against drought. In this paper,a case study on farmer’s adaptive capability against drought in Yuzhong County in central Gansu Province was carried out,and an evaluation model was established by means of concept of the social-ecological system framework (SES). Based on the surveyed data of farmers’ livelihood situation,the farmers were divided into the subsidy-dependent,agricultural-oriented,industrial-oriented,by-business and professional types,the adaptive capability of rural farmers in Yuzhong County was quantitatively assessed,and the factors affecting farmers’ adaptive capability were analyzed. The results showed that: ① The types of farmers were diversification,among them the proportion of industrial-oriented farmers was the highest,and that of professional farmers was the lowest; ② The overall stability of farmers’ adaptive capability against drought was poor,and there was a significant internal difference. The stability of types of farmers’ adaptive capability against drought was in an order of subsidy-dependent type>agricultural-oriented type>industrial-oriented type>by-business type>professional type; ③ The factors restricting farmers’ adaptive capability against drought were mainly the drought loss,natural capital,farmers’ cognition,water-saving irrigation and social capital.

Key words: farmer, drought resistance, adaptive capability, quantitative evaluation, Yuzhong County

王婷, 石育中, 刘倩, 温腾飞, 杨新军. 陇中半干旱区不同类型农户抗旱适应能力定量评价——以榆中县为例[J]. 干旱区研究, 2018, 35(4): 992-1000.

WANG Ting, SHI Yu-zhong, LIU Qian, WEN Teng-fei, YANG Xin-jun. Farmers’ Adaptive Capability Against Drought in Semiarid Area in Central Gansu Province: A Case Study in Yuzhong County[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2018, 35(4): 992-1000.

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