近60 a渭河流域降水特征

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于1952—2011年渭河流域天水、宝鸡、武功、西安4个气象站的逐日、逐月、逐年降水量资料,利用线性回归、5 a滑动平均法、Mann-Kendall法以及小波分析,对渭河流域近60 a降水量变化进行趋势、突变以及周期分析。结果显示:渭河流域降水季节分配不均,主要集中在夏、秋两季,春、秋两季降水量呈现明显减小趋势,夏、冬两季降水量变化趋势不明显;各季节降水量年际变化显著;流域内除夏季以外,其他季节均存在突变点;4个站点均存在年总降水量突变点;渭河流域降水量的震荡周期为28~30 a;降水天数呈现减少趋势;小雨降水强度有增加趋势;除西安站外,其余3个站点1976—1990年的暴雨天数最多,暴雨天数年际变化较大。

关键词: 降水量, 降水强度, Mann-Kendall检验, 小波分析, 渭河流域

Abstract: Based on the daily, monthly and annual precipitation data from the meteorological stations of Tianshui, Baoji, Wugong and Xi’an during the period of 1951-2011, the change trend of precipitation was analyzed using the linear regression, Mann-Kendall test and five-year moving average method. It could be concluded that the seasonal distribution of precipitation was quite different in the Wei River Basin, precipitation occurred mainly in summer and autumn, it was in an obvious decrease trend in spring and autumn, and its variation trend was not obvious in summer and winter. However, the seasonal distribution of precipitation was quite different from different years. There was a sharp change of seasonal precipitation except in summer, and also of annual precipitation. There was a 28-32-year fluctuation period of precipitation. The precipitation days in the drainage basin were in a reduction trend, but the intensity of light rain was in an increase trend. During the period of 1976-1990, the rainstorm days were the most at the meteorological stations of Tianshui, Baoji and Wugong except at Xi’an Meteorological Station, and they were quite different from different years

Key words: precipitation, precipitation intensity, Mann-Kendall test, wavelet analysis, the Weihe River Basin

来文立, 宋进喜, 章杰, 任朝亮, 杜佳. 近60 a渭河流域降水特征[J]. 干旱区研究, 2013, 30(6): 1106-1112.

LAI Wen-li, SONG Jin-xi, ZHANG Jie, REN Chao-liang, DU Jia. Precipitation in the Weihe River Basin in Recent 60 Years[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2013, 30(6): 1106-1112.

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