干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2013, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (3): 457-461.

• 天气与气候变化 • 上一篇    下一篇

东亚北风异常对西北东部春季降水的影响

赵红岩1,2, 杨瑜峰1, 郭俊琴2, 王兴2, 赵庆云3   

  1. 1. 中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所，甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点试验室，
    中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点开放实验室，甘肃 兰州 730020;
    2. 西北区域气候中心，甘肃 兰州 730020; 3. 兰州中心气象台，甘肃 兰州 730020
  • 收稿日期:2012-05-22 修回日期:2012-08-07 出版日期:2013-05-15 发布日期:2013-05-16
  • 作者简介:赵红岩（1965-），女，副研究员，主要从事气候诊断预测和区域气候变化研究. E-mail: lz-zhy@sohu.com
  • 基金资助:

    中国气象局气候变化专项：“西北地区气候变化影响评估报告”、“黄河流域气候变化影响评估报告”资助

Effect of Abnormal East Asia North Wind on Spring Precipitation in the Eastern Region of Northwest China

 ZHAO  Hong-Yan1,2, YANG  Yu-Feng1, GUO  Jun-Qin2, WANG  Xing2, ZHAO  Qing-Yun3   

  1. 1. Lanzhou Institute of Arid Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration; Key Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Disaster 
    Reduction of Gansu Province; Key Open Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Disaster Reduction of China Meteorological 
    Administration, Lanzhou 730020, China; 2. Northwest Regional Climate Center, Lanzhou 730020, China;
    3. Lanzhou Central Meteorological Observatory, Lanzhou 730020, China
  • Received:2012-05-22 Revised:2012-08-07 Published:2013-05-15 Online:2013-05-16

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摘要： 利用1961—2008年NCEP/NCAR(2．5°×2．5°)再分析逐月500 hPa高度场资料和1961—2008年西北地区东部陕、甘、宁、青4省170个气象观测站的月降水量资料，计算春季东亚北风指数，分析研究区春季降水的历史演变规律、东亚北风指数的年代际变化及其与西北春季降水的关联。结果表明:50 a来降水演变特点是以黄河为界，黄河以西降水呈增多趋势，黄河以东降水呈减少趋势，降水减少的幅度明显大于增加的幅度；特别是近20 a，黄河以东广大区域降水减少的幅度越来越大，干旱化趋势明显，而青海南部、河西走廊则降水呈增加趋势。在此期间，春季东亚北风逐渐增强，特别是20世纪90年代中期以后明显增强。进一步分析表明，当春季东亚北风偏强（弱）时，除青海南部外，西北地区东部大部分地方降水偏少（多），即春季东亚北风异常增强，可引起西北地区东部黄河以东干旱少雨，导致干旱化加剧。

关键词: 西北东部, 春季降水   西北东部, 春季降水, 干旱化趋势, 东亚北风指数, 相关分析

Abstract: The values of spring East Asia north wind index were calculated based on the data of NCEP/NCAR reanalyzed monthly 500-hPa height field during the period from 1961 to 2010 and of monthly precipitation at 170 meteorological stations in Qinghai, Gansu and Shaanxi provinces and NingxiaHui Autonomous Region in the eastern region of northwest China. The history change of spring precipitation and the relationship between the decadal variation of East Asia north wind index and the spring precipitation in northwest China were analyzed. The results showed that, bordered by the Yellow River, precipitation was in an increase trend in the regions west from the Yellow River but a decrease trend in the regions east from the river. The precipitation decrease amplitude was significantly higher than the increase amplitude. Especially in recent 20 years, the precipitation decrease was more and more significant in the vast region east from the Yellow River, and the drought trend was obvious. Precipitation, however, was in an increased trend in south Qinghai Province and the Hexi Corridor in Gansu Province. The spring East Asia north wind increased gradually during this period, especially after the mid1990s. Further analysis showed that, when the spring East Asia north wind was strong, precipitation was decreased in most areas of the eastern region of northwest China except in south Qinghai Province. So it could be concluded that the abnormal strong spring East Asia north wind could cause a decrease of precipitation and an aggravation of drought in the regions east from the Yellow River.

Key words: northwest China, spring precipitation, drought trend, East Asia north wind index, correlation analysis