关于露点温度计算的探讨

干旱区研究 ›› 2011, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (2): 275-281.

关于露点温度计算的探讨

张志富¹, 希爽²

1. 中国气象局国家气象信息中心资料室, 北京 100081;
2. 中国气象局国家卫星气象中心, 北京 100081

收稿日期:2010-03-13 修回日期:2010-09-16 出版日期:2011-04-25 发布日期:2011-09-06
作者简介:张志富(1981-),男,河北唐山人,博士,从事气候资料分析研究.E-mail:zzfrain@126.com
基金资助:
2009年度公益性行业(气象)科研专项"国家级台站观测资料代表性、准确性分析技术研究"课题(200906041-053)资助

Study on Calculation of Dew-point Temperature

ZHANG Zhi-fu¹, XI Shuang²

1. Climate Data Center, National Meteorological Information Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China;
2. National Satellite Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China

Received:2010-03-13 Revised:2010-09-16 Online:2011-04-25 Published:2011-09-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用目前常用的几种纯水平液面和冰面饱和水汽压计算公式,进行露点温度计算的对比分析和探讨。结果表明:在-20~50℃,各公式计算饱和水汽压结果相差较小,冰面水汽压离散度相对较大,具有描述饱和水汽压的能力。通过假设空气饱和的理想试验发现,利用饱和水汽压公式反算露点温度还存在一定的问题。不管是通过液面饱和水汽压公式还是冰面饱和水汽压公式,在0℃以上的计算大部分公式都能保持较小的误差,在0℃以下计算得到的露点温度与真实的露点温度差值随温度的降低迅速增大。同时,假设空气相对湿度为50%时的试验也证明了这一点。这样一旦湿球温度计结冰,需要进行溶冰操作时,那么湿球温度很小的误差,将对露点温度的计算造成很大的影响。

关键词: 露点温度, 干湿球温度, 溶冰, 饱和水汽压

Abstract: In this paper, the methods of calculating dew-point temperature are compared, analyzed and discussed using the common formulae about saturation vapor pressure of water or ice. The results are as follows: difference of the calculated results with different formulae is low when the temperature varies in a range from -20 ℃ to 50 ℃. However, the ideal experiment shows that there is still a difficulty in calculating dew-point temperature because the difference between calculating the dew-point temperature and the true dew-point temperature is increased rapidly when the temperature is below 0 ℃. So, when the wet bulb gauze is frozen, an observer should unfreeze ice before reading the temperature, and the little error of the wet bulb temperature could cause a big error of the calculated dew-point temperature.

Key words: dew-point temperature, dry and wet bulb temperature, ice unfreezing, saturation vapor pressure

中图分类号:

P426.631

张志富, 希爽. 关于露点温度计算的探讨[J]. 干旱区研究, 2011, 28(2): 275-281.

ZHANG Zhi-fu, XI Shuang. Study on Calculation of Dew-point Temperature[J]. , 2011, 28(2): 275-281.

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