三江源区不同覆被类型高寒草甸土壤水分变化特征

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2024.08.08

干旱区研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (8): 1343-1353.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2024.08.08

三江源区不同覆被类型高寒草甸土壤水分变化特征

万佳怡¹(), 矢佳昱¹^,²(), 张华敏³, 李兰晖⁴, 丁明军¹^,²

1.江西师范大学地理与环境学院，江西南昌 330022
2.鄱阳湖湿地与流域研究教育部重点实验室，江西南昌 330022
3.江西省自然资源政策调查评估中心，江西南昌 330025
4.厦门理工学院计算机与信息工程学院，福建厦门 361024

收稿日期:2024-01-17 修回日期:2024-04-03 出版日期:2024-08-15 发布日期:2024-08-22
通讯作者: 矢佳昱. E-mail： jyshi1205@163.com
作者简介:万佳怡（2000-），女，硕士研究生，主要从事土地利用/覆被变化研究. E-mail： 202240100063@jxnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(42101099);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0603)

Soil moisture variation characteristics of alpine meadow with different cover types in the Three-River Source Region

WAN Jiayi¹(), SHI Jiayu¹^,²(), ZHANG Huamin³, LI Lanhui⁴, DING Mingjun¹^,²

1. School of Geography and Environment, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, Jiangxi, China
2. Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research, Ministry of Education, Nanchang 330022, Jiangxi, China
3. Center for Natural Resources Policy Survey and Evaluation of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330025, Jiangxi, China
4. School of Computer and Information Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, Fujian, China

Received:2024-01-17 Revised:2024-04-03 Published:2024-08-15 Online:2024-08-22

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

土壤水分是植物生长与繁殖的物质基础，明确其动态特征对当地水资源管理和植被恢复具有重要意义。本文以三江源区高寒草甸为研究对象，结合野外调查与室内实验，分析不同覆被类型下高寒草甸土壤水分年、季、日动态特征，探讨植被及土壤因素对土壤水分变化的影响。结果表明：（1） 2022年降雨偏少、气温偏高，各样地土壤液态水含量下降了1%~18%；夏秋季土壤未冻水含量高于冬春季，各样地各土层中月平均含水量最高为10月（0.495 m³·m^-3），最低为1月（0.038 m³·m^-3）；3月和12月土壤液态水含量日变幅较大，变化范围分别为0.11~0.20 m³·m^-3和0.07~0.16 m³·m^-3；（2）轻中度退化高寒草甸（YG4）和原生高寒草甸（YG5）植被覆盖度较高、容重较低，土壤含水量较高且变化幅度小；（3）人工草地耗水量大且物种单一、土壤肥力较低，不利于土壤保水。研究结果可为三江源区高寒草甸生态系统的恢复与治理提供参考。

关键词: 植被盖度, 土壤含水量, 退化, 人工草地, 三江源区

Abstract:

Soil moisture is the material foundation for plant growth and reproduction; therefore, understanding its dynamic properties is critical for local water management and vegetation restoration. The study area of this research was the alpine meadows in the Three-River Source Region, and the study combined field surveys and laboratory experiments to analyze the annual, seasonal, and daily dynamic characteristics of soil moisture in alpine meadows under different cover types and explore the influence of vegetation and soil factors on soil moisture changes. The findings revealed that: (1) In 2022, when there was less rainfall and temperatures were higher, the soil liquid water content in different areas decreased by 1% to 18% compared with previous years; the soil unfrozen water content was higher in summer and fall than in winter and spring; and the highest monthly average water content of various sites occurred in October (0.495 m³·m^-3) and the lowest value was in January (0.038 m³·m^-3); the daily variations in the soil liquid water content in March and December were larger, ranging from 0.11 to 0.20 m³·m^-3 and 0.07 to 0.16 m³·m^-3, respectively. (2) Mildly and highly degraded alpine meadows (YG4) and native alpine meadows (YG5) have greater vegetation cover and lower bulk density, resulting in greater soil water content and less variance. (3) Artificial grassland did not promote soil water retention owing to its high water consumption, single species, and low soil fertility. The results of the study can provide a reference for the restoration and management of alpine meadow ecosystem in the Three-River Source Region.

Key words: vegetation coverage, soil moisture content, degradation, artificial grassland, Three-River Source Region

万佳怡, 矢佳昱, 张华敏, 李兰晖, 丁明军. 三江源区不同覆被类型高寒草甸土壤水分变化特征[J]. 干旱区研究, 2024, 41(8): 1343-1353.

WAN Jiayi, SHI Jiayu, ZHANG Huamin, LI Lanhui, DING Mingjun. Soil moisture variation characteristics of alpine meadow with different cover types in the Three-River Source Region[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(8): 1343-1353.

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样地编号	覆被类型	经度（E）	纬度（N）	海拔/m
YG1	人工草地	100°29′44″	34°21′25″	3955
YG2	新翻种人工草地，未见幼苗	100°29′39″	34°21′27″	3953
YG3	黑土滩	100°29′43″	34°21′20″	3950
YG4	轻中度退化草甸	100°29′15″	34°21′22″	3945
YG5	原生高寒草甸	100°29′12″	34°21′24″	3944

三江源区不同覆被类型高寒草甸土壤水分变化特征

Soil moisture variation characteristics of alpine meadow with different cover types in the Three-River Source Region

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