机械沙障固沙对生物土壤结皮形成发育的影响

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2023.12.06

干旱区研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (12): 1931-1937.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2023.12.06 cstr: 32277.14.j.azr.2023.12.06

机械沙障固沙对生物土壤结皮形成发育的影响

闫沛迎¹(),屈建军^2,³,王理德¹,肖建华²,张圆²,王晓红⁴,郭树江¹

1.甘肃省治沙研究所民勤荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站，甘肃民勤 730070
2.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院，敦煌戈壁荒漠生态与环境研究站，沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室，甘肃兰州 730000
3.南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州)，广东广州 511458
4.白银市平川区农业农村局，甘肃白银 730913

收稿日期:2023-06-06 修回日期:2023-09-07 出版日期:2023-12-15 发布日期:2023-12-18
作者简介:闫沛迎（1980-），女，博士，主要从事荒漠区生物土壤结皮研究. E-mail: YPY_1980@lzb.ac.cn
基金资助:
甘肃省自然科学基金(21JR7RA732);甘肃省荒漠化与风沙灾害防治重点实验室开放基金项目(GSDC201904);国家自然科学基金(41901253);甘肃省科技创新人才计划“西部之光”人才计划(22JR9KA028)

Effect of sand barrier fixation on the formation and development of biological soil crust

YAN Peiying¹(),QU Jianjun^2,³,WANG Lide¹,XIAO Jianhua²,ZHANG Yuan²,WANG Xiaohong⁴,GUO Shujiang¹

1. Gansu Minqin National Studies Station for Desert Steppe Ecosystem, Gansu Desert Control Research Institute, Minqin 730070, Gansu, China
2. Donghuang Gobi and Desert Ecology and Environment Research Station, Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
3. Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, Guangdong, China
4. Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Pingchuan District, Baiyin City, Baiyin 730913, Gansu, China

Received:2023-06-06 Revised:2023-09-07 Published:2023-12-15 Online:2023-12-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

生物土壤结皮对荒漠生态系统维持稳定发挥着重要作用。因此，在干旱沙区利用机械沙障辅助措施促使生物土壤结皮的形成发育具有重要意义。本文利用微生物高通量测序结合土壤理化性质测定研究机械沙障固沙(草方格、网格和覆网)对生物土壤结皮形成发育的影响。结果表明：草方格和网格中结皮颜色与藻结皮相近，覆网中结皮的盖度最高，厚度最厚；3种机械沙障固沙中结皮的黏粒和粉粒比例均显著高于流沙，覆网中结皮的营养化程度最高，也就是成土程度最高；从3种机械沙障固沙中结皮真菌、细菌和蓝藻的组成分析得知，覆网结皮的细菌组成中蓝藻门（Cyanobacteria）和蓝藻组成中瘦鞘丝藻属（Leptolyngbya）的比例比草方格和网格中结皮的高，真菌组成中座囊菌纲（Dothideomycetes）和蓝藻组成中微鞘藻属（Microcoleus）的比例低，而且独有微生物OTU数量最高。依据以往干旱区生物土壤结皮成土过程及微生物演替规律推测，覆网中结皮的发育程度很可能高于草方格和网格，其形成和发育轨迹不同于后两者。因此，3种机械沙障固沙中覆网最有利于生物土壤结皮的形成发育。

关键词: 生物土壤结皮, 机械沙障, 微生物演替, 高通量测序

Abstract:

The biological soil crust is important for maintaining stability in desert ecosystems. Therefore, the use of sand barriers as auxiliary measures to promote the formation and development of biological soil crust in arid areas is of great significance. In this paper, the effects of sand fixation by sand barriers (straw checkerboard, nylon grids, and covered nets) on the formation and development of biological soil crusts were studied using microbial high-throughput sequencing combined with soil physical and chemical properties determination. The results showed that the crust thickness under the covered nets was the thickest, although the colors of the crust in the straw checkerboard and nylon grids were similar to that of the algae crust. The proportions of clay and powder particles in the crust of the three types of sand barriers for sand fixation were significantly higher than that of the moving sand. The nutrition degree of the crust in the covered nets was the highest, indicating the highest degree of soil formation. From the composition analysis of fungi, bacteria, and blue-green algae in crusts from the three types of sand barrier, it was found that the proportions of Cyanobacteria and Leptolyngbya in the crust in the covered nets were higher than those in the crust in the straw checkerboard and nylon grids. In contrast, the proportions of Dothedeomycotes and Microcolleus were lower, and the number of unique microbial OUT was highest. Based on the previous process of soil crust formation and microbial succession in arid areas, it was inferred that the degree of crust development in the cover nets was likely higher than that in the straw checkerboard and nylon grids and that their formation and development trajectory differ. Therefore, among the three types of sand barriers, the covered nets for sand fixation were more suitable for biological soil crust formation and development.

Key words: biological soil crust, sand barrier, microbial succession, high-throughput sequencing

闫沛迎,屈建军,王理德,肖建华,张圆,王晓红,郭树江. 机械沙障固沙对生物土壤结皮形成发育的影响[J]. 干旱区研究, 2023, 40(12): 1931-1937.

YAN Peiying,QU Jianjun,WANG Lide,XIAO Jianhua,ZHANG Yuan,WANG Xiaohong,GUO Shujiang. Effect of sand barrier fixation on the formation and development of biological soil crust[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2023, 40(12): 1931-1937.

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扩增对象	引物名称	引物序列（5’-3’）
细菌	F515	GTGCCAGCMGCCGCGGTAA
细菌	R806	GGACTACVSGGGTATCTAAT
蓝藻	CYA359F	GGGGAATYTTCCGCAATGGG
	CYA781R(a)^e	GACTACTGGGGTATCTAATCCCATT
	CYA781R(b)^e	GACTACAGGGGTATCTAATCCCTTT
真菌	817F	TTAGCATGGAATAATRRAATAGGA
真菌	1196R	TCTGGACCTGGTGAGTTTCC

样品	黏粒 (<2 μm)	细粉砂 (2~10 μm)	粉粒 (10~50 μm)	细砂 (50~250 μm)	粗砂 (250~2000 μm)
LS	0.60±0.01a	0.28±0.02a	2.27±0.11a	76.62±1.85a	20.22±1.86a
CFG	1.85±0.04b	4.68±0.21b	12.20±1.40b	64.07±0.92b	17.11±1.11b
WG	1.95±0.10bc	4.92±0.62b	14.38±0.87c	68.65±2.37c	10.10±0.87c
FW	2.19±0.27c	5.07±0.54b	14.38±1.01c	66.29±0.64bc	11.73±1.08c

机械沙障固沙对生物土壤结皮形成发育的影响

Effect of sand barrier fixation on the formation and development of biological soil crust

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