不同盐分类型对一年生早熟禾种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2023.07.10

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用培养皿法，研究不同盐分类型和盐浓度对一年生早熟禾种子萌发特性的影响，测定其相对萌发率、相对发芽势、相对萌发指数、相对活力指数、相对胚芽长、相对胚根长和相对盐害率等指标，分析一年生早熟禾种子萌发和幼苗生长对不同盐分类型的响应。结果表明：（1）永昌种源一年生早熟禾的种子萌发和幼苗生长特性均高于其他3个种源。（2）在不同盐分类型、盐浓度及主要因素交互作用下一年生早熟禾的种子萌发和萌发期幼苗生长均受到显著抑制，碱性盐毒害强于中性盐，与萌发期幼苗的胚芽相比，胚根的响应更为敏感。（3）不同盐分类型对一年生早熟禾种子萌发期的盐害性强弱依次为：Na₂CO₃>NaHCO₃>Na₂SO₄>NaCl。研究结果可为种植一年生早熟禾生态修复不同类型盐碱地提供科学依据。

关键词: 一年生早熟禾, 盐分类型, 萌发特性, 幼苗生长, 耐盐性

Abstract:

The effects of different salt types and concentrations on the germination characteristics of Poa annua seeds were studied using the Petri dish method in this study. The relative germination rate, potential, index, vigor, bud length, radicle length, and salt damage rate were measured, analyzing the responses of P. annua seed germination and seedling growth to different salt types. The results indicated that: (1) P. annua from Yongchang had superior germination and seedling growth characteristics compared with the other provenances. (2) various salt types and concentrations significantly inhibited seed germination and seedling growth, with alkaline salts exhibiting stronger toxicity compared with neutral salts, and radicles being more sensitive than buds during germination; and (3) the salt toxicity of different salt types during P. annua seed germination ranked as follows: Na₂CO₃>NaHCO₃>Na₂SO₄>NaCl. Therefore, this study provides a scientific basis for planting P. annua for ecological restoration of different types of saline lands.

Key words: Poa annua, salt type, germination characteristics, seedling growth, salt tolerance

李娟霞, 白小明, 张翠, 冉福, 李萍, 闫玉邦, 张才忠, 朱雅楠, 陈辉. 不同盐分类型对一年生早熟禾种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J]. 干旱区研究, 2023, 40(7): 1131-1140.

LI Juanxia, BAI Xiaoming, ZHANG Cui, RAN Fu, LI Ping, YAN Yubang, ZHANG Caizhong, ZHU Yanan, CHEN Hui. Effects of different salt types on seed germination and seedling growth of Poa annua[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2023, 40(7): 1131-1140.

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编号	种源	经度	纬度	海拔/m	年均降水量/mm	年均温度/℃	生境
AN	甘肃兰州市安宁区	103o42' E	36o52' N	1543	325	10	绿化带
QZ	甘肃天水市秦州区	105o44' E	34o30' N	1350	536	10	房前屋后、路边
LZ	甘肃武威市凉州区	102o63' E	37o95' N	1523	144	9	房前屋后、绿化带
YC	甘肃金昌市永昌县	104o54' E	34o10' N	1965	185	6	绿化带

萌发率（GR）=萌发结束时正常萌发种子数/供试种子数×100%	（1）
发芽势（GP）=萌发14 d时正常萌发的种子数/供试种子数×100%	（2）
萌发指数（GI）=Σ（每天正常萌发种子数/对应萌发天数）	（3）
活力指数（VI）=胚芽长×萌发指数	（4）
盐害率（SDR）=（对照萌发率-盐胁迫处理下种子萌发率）/对照萌发率×100%	（5）
相对萌发率（RGR）=盐胁迫下种子萌发率/对照萌发率×100%	（6）
相对发芽势（RGP）=盐胁迫下种子发芽势/对照发芽势×100%	（7）
相对萌发指数（RGI）=盐胁迫下种子萌发指数/对照萌发指数×100%	（8）
相对活力指数（RVI）=盐胁迫下种子活力指数/对照活力指数×100%	（9）
相对胚芽长（RBL）=盐胁迫处理下幼苗胚芽长/对照胚芽长×100%	（10）
相对胚根长（RRL）=盐胁迫处理下幼苗胚根长/对照胚根长×100%	（11）
相对盐害率（RSDR）=（对照萌发率-盐胁迫处理下种子萌发率）/对照萌发率×100%	（12）

参数	主要因素			交互
参数	种源	盐分类型	盐浓度	盐浓度×盐分类型
RGR	54571.69^***	13944.72^***	53382.64^***	13110.44^***
RGP	21494.68^***	66544.02^***	43835.64^***	6915.20^***
RGI	29617.86^***	11030.02^***	59975.03^***	13845.19^***
RVI	22692.97^***	89932.26^***	70741.07^***	13961.24^***
RBL	0.97ns	1.69^*	1.48^*	1.00^*
RRL	3851.34^**	32745.29^**	68694.91^***	49961.24^***
RSDR	30285.96^***	53185.71^***	19677.20^***	47331.05^***

盐分	隶属函数值							D值	排名
盐分	RGR	RGP	RGI	RVI	RBL	RRL	RSDR	D值	排名
NaCl	0.96	1.00	0.84	0.99	1.00	1.00	0.00	0.80	1
Na₂SO₄	1.00	0.97	1.00	1.00	0.87	0.86	0.06	0.79	2
NaHCO₃	0.22	0.24	0.21	0.22	0.14	0.01	0.17	0.16	3
Na₂CO₃	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	1.00	0.11	4
权重	0.10	0.10	0.12	0.15	0.16	0.18	0.19