新疆野苹果幼苗生长及生物量分配对降水量和降水间隔时间的响应

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2023.01.11

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为揭示不同降水量和降水间隔时间对新疆野苹果幼苗生长的影响，根据试验地多年年均降水量和降水间隔时间，设置3个降水量梯度[W（月平均降水量）、W-（月平均降水量减少15%）和W+（月平均降水量增加15%）]和2个降水间隔时间[T（降水间隔时间为4 d）和T+（降水间隔时间为8 d）]进行野外控制性试验。研究表明：（1）相同降水间隔时间处理下，幼苗基径、叶片数、地上生物量和地下生物量随降水量的增加而增加；（2）相同降水量处理下，T+处理能促进主根生长，增加根冠比；（3）与W处理相比，W+处理的地上生物量、地下生物量和总生物量相对生长速率分别平均提高了55.42%、20.75%和34.43%。延长降水间隔时间促进新疆野苹果幼苗根的生长和地下生物量的积累，在一定降水范围内增加降水量可促进其幼苗的生长和生物量的积累。

关键词: 新疆野苹果, 降水量, 降水间隔时间, 幼苗生长

Abstract:

This study aimed to reveal the effects of different precipitation amount and precipitation interval on the growth of Malus sieversii seedlings. A two-factor control experiment was set up based on the average annual precipitation amount and precipitation interval in the experimental site. The three variations of precipitation amount were as follows: W (precipitation amount), W- (15% decrease of precipitation amount), and W+ (15% increase of precipitation amount). The two precipitation intervals were as follows: T (precipitation interval of 4 days) and T+ (precipitation interval of 8 days). Results showed that (1) under the same precipitation interval treatment, seedling basal diameter, leaf number, and above-and under-ground biomass increased with the increase in precipitation amount; (2) under the same precipitation amount treatment, T+ treatment can promote the elongation of the main roots and increase the root/shoot ratio; and (3) compared with W treatment, the relative growth rates of above-ground, under-ground, and total biomass under W+ treatment increased by 55.42%, 20.75%, and 34.43%, respectively. Prolonging the interval of precipitation will promote root growth and under-ground biomass accumulation of M. sieversii seedlings. Within a certain range of precipitation, the increase in precipitation amount can promote the growth and biomass accumulation of M. sieversii.

Key words: Malus sieversii, precipitation amount, precipitation interval, seedling growth

张宗芳, 徐将, 师小军. 新疆野苹果幼苗生长及生物量分配对降水量和降水间隔时间的响应[J]. 干旱区研究, 2023, 40(1): 102-110.

ZHANG Zongfang, XU Jiang, SHI Xiaojun. Responses of seedling growth and biomass allocation of Malus sieversii to precipitation amount and precipitation interval[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2023, 40(1): 102-110.

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处理时间	月平均降水量/mm	降水间隔时间	平均降水量/mm
处理时间	月平均降水量/mm	降水间隔时间	W-	W	W+
6月	84.80	T	9.01	10.60	12.19
6月	84.80	T+	18.02	21.20	24.38
7月	53.20	T	5.65	6.65	7.65
7月	53.20	T+	11.31	13.30	15.30
8月	49.07	T	5.21	6.13	7.05
8月	49.07	T+	10.43	12.27	14.11
9月	37.13	T	3.94	4.64	5.34
9月	37.13	T+	7.89	9.28	10.67

处理	株高/mm	基径/mm	主根长/mm	叶片数/个
W-T	90.95±6.20ab	2.24±0.10b	182.54±21.61ab	9.00±1.00b
WT	91.54±12.44ab	3.11±0.36ab	163.17±30.75b	12.33±0.88b
W+T	110.20±8.68a	3.38±0.35ab	242.86±32.10ab	13.00±1.15b
W-T+	78.89±2.26b	2.77±0.26ab	205.63±9.85ab	10.33±1.86b
WT+	76.35±3.49b	3.09±0.18ab	274.37±54.93a	10.67±0.67b
W+T+	86.21±3.83b	3.47±0.14a	230.73±19.84ab	20.00±3.21a

变异来源	地上生物量	地下生物量	根冠比	相对生长速率
W	16.859^**	7.871^**	1.008	15.510^***
T	2.592	0.05	3.328	0.436
W×T	0.342	1.139	0.456	1.045