盐碱胁迫对菊芋渗透调节及抗氧化酶系统的影响

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2023.09.10

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为揭示植物在盐碱胁迫下的生理响应，选择菊芋（Helianthus tuberosus）为研究对象，设置营养土组（CK）、轻度盐碱土组（LS）和中度盐碱土组（MS）3个不同处理，研究不同盐碱胁迫强度下菊芋有机渗透调节物质（可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、脯氨酸）、丙二醛（MDA）含量以及抗氧化酶系统活性[超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物歧化酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）]等生理指标的变化。研究结果表明：（1）不同盐碱胁迫强度下菊芋叶片可溶性糖、脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白等有机渗透调节物质含量均出现增加。（2）各组间MDA含量无显著差异，随着盐碱胁迫强度的增加，菊芋叶片SOD、POD、CAT等抗氧化酶系统活性指标均表现出上升趋势。与同期CK组相比，盐碱胁迫150 d，LS和MS组SOD活性分别显著增加22.13%和26.49%，LS和MS组CAT活性较CK组分别显著增加81.66%和92.38%（P<0.05），MS组POD活性在测定期间均显著高于同期CK组。上述研究结果表明在盐碱胁迫下，菊芋通过增加体内渗透调节物质（可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、脯氨酸）含量和激活抗氧化酶系统（SOD、CAT、POD）来提高其抗性，具有较强耐盐碱能力。

关键词: 盐碱胁迫, 菊芋, 有机渗透调节物质, 抗氧化酶系统

Abstract:

To reveal the physiological response of typical crops to saline-alkali stress, we selected Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) as our research object. We set up three different treatments: a complete nutrient soil group (CK), a light saline-alkali soil group (LS), and a moderate saline-alkali soil group (MS). Changes in physiological indicators, such as organic osmoregulatory substances (soluble sugar, soluble protein, and proline); malondialdehyde (MDA) content; and activities of antioxidant enzyme systems [superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxide dismutase (POD), and catalase (CAT)] of Helianthus tuberosus were investigated. The results showed the following: (1) The content of organic osmoregulatory substances in Jerusalem artichoke leaves, including soluble sugar, proline, and soluble protein, increased under different intensities of saline-alkali stress. (2) The groups had no significant differences in MDA content. However, with increased saline-alkali stress intensity, the activity indexes of antioxidant enzyme systems, such as SOD, POD, and CAT, in Jerusalem artichoke leaves showed an upward trend. After 150 days of saline-alkali stress, the SOD activity in the LS and MS groups increased significantly by 22.13% and 26.49%, respectively, compared to the CK group. Additionally, CAT activity in the LS and MS groups increased significantly by 81.66% and 92.38%, respectively, compared to the CK group (P < 0.05). Moreover, POD activity in the MS group was significantly higher than in the CK group during the same period. The above findings demonstrate that Helianthus tuberosus can adapt to a saline-alkali environment by increasing the content of osmoregulatory substances (soluble sugar, soluble protein, and proline) and activating the antioxidant enzyme system (SOD, CAT, and POD), indicating its strong tolerance to saline-alkali stress.

Key words: salt-alkali stress, Helianthus tuberosus, organic osmoregulatory substances, antioxidant enzyme systems

钱玥,李思源,饶良懿. 盐碱胁迫对菊芋渗透调节及抗氧化酶系统的影响[J]. 干旱区研究, 2023, 40(9): 1465-1471.

QIAN Yue,LI Siyuan,RAO Liangyi. Effects of saline-alkali stress on organic osmoregulatory substances and antioxidant enzyme systems of Helianthus tuberosus[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2023, 40(9): 1465-1471.

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