干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2013, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (3): 541-549.

• 环境保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

近百年来罗布泊最后干涸时间的评述

 段含明1, 艾里西尔•库尔班2, 张燕3, 阿不都米吉提•阿布利克木4   

  1. 1. 西华师范大学国土资源学院,四川 南充 637002; 2. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011; 
    3. 重庆市梁平红旗中学, 重庆 梁平 405200;  4. 新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院，新疆 乌鲁木齐 830054
  • 收稿日期:2012-04-13 修回日期:2012-11-21 出版日期:2013-05-15 发布日期:2013-05-16
  • 作者简介:段含明（1983-），男，理学硕士，助教，主要从事环境遥感研究.E-mail： hanmingduan333@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    西华师范大学科研启动基金项目（08B003）与新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目（2010211A57）共同资助

Review of the Studies about the Latest Dried-up Time of the Lop Nur Lake in Recent 100 Years

 DUAN  Han-Ming1, AIlishir Kurban2, ZHANG  Yan3, Abdumijit Ablekim4   

  1. 1. College of Land and Resources, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, Sichuan Province, China;
    2. Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China;
    3. Hongqi Middle School, Liangping 405200, Chongqing, China;
    4. Institute of Geographic Science and Tourism, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, China
  • Received:2012-04-13 Revised:2012-11-21 Published:2013-05-15 Online:2013-05-16

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摘要： 罗布泊的干涸是中亚干旱地区环境变化的一个重要事件，现有研究对1921年覆水以来最后一次干涸发生的时间存在广泛争议。通过相关概念的明确和研究对象时空范围的限定，基于文献对比分析和遥感图像的重新判读，逐一分析了现有研究成果的异同；并分析了1930年代以来湖面的盈亏情况以及补给水源的变化过程。结果表明：罗布泊最后一次覆水于1962年，干涸可能发生在该年冬季，最迟不晚于次年夏季；在极度干旱的气候背景下，20世纪30年代以来的湖水存在剧烈的盈亏变化；而农业耗水规模的扩大和筑坝拦水，直接促成了最后一次干涸的发生。

关键词: 罗布泊, 干涸时间, 遥感影像, 环境变化

Abstract: Dried-up of the Lop Nur Lake is an important event of environmental change in the arid zone of Central Asia, but scientists have not reached an agreement on the latest driedup time since the lake was submerged in 1921. After defining some relevant concepts and limiting the spatiotemporal range of the study object, in this paper the defects and doubts of present main viewpoints were analyzed one by one, and the change process and trend of the Lop Nur Lake surface as well as its water sources since the 1930s were also analyzed through comparing the relevant bibliography and re-interpreting the remote sensing images. Results indicated that the latest submergence of the Lop Nur Lake occurred in 1962, so the latest driedup of the lake maybe occurred in winter that year or not later than next summer. Climate was so arid in the study area that the lake changed frequently between expansion and shrinkage since the 1930s. Human activities including farming and damming resulted in the final driedup of the lake.

Key words: Lop Nur Lake, latest dried-up time, remote sensing image, environmental change