干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (1): 90-101.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2023.01.10

• 植物生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

喷施6-BA对不同种植密度白刺叶衰老的影响

靳维(),王晨林,任宇辰,张慧芳,杨秀清()   

  1. 山西农业大学林学院，山西 晋中 030801
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-01 修回日期:2022-09-07 出版日期:2023-01-15 发布日期:2023-02-24
  • 通讯作者: 杨秀清. E-mail: xiuqingyang@sxau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:靳维（1997-），女，硕士研究生，主要从事森林资源培育研究. E-mail: 1002491499@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    山西省自然科学基金项目(201901D111224);山西省重点研发计划（农业）项目(201703D221009-3)

Effects of spraying 6-BA on senescence of Nitraria tangutorum leaves at different planting densities

JIN Wei(),WANG Chenlin,REN Yuchen,ZHANG Huifang,YANG Xiuqing()   

  1. College of Forestry, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, Shanxi, China
  • Received:2022-07-01 Revised:2022-09-07 Online:2023-01-15 Published:2023-02-24

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摘要：

研究了两种种植密度（低密度种植株行距：1.2 m×1.5 m、高密度株行距：0.8 m×1.0 m）下白刺生长期外源喷施不同浓度6-BA（0 mg·L-1、10 mg·L-1、20 mg·L-1、30 mg·L-1）后叶光合参数（Pn、Tr、Gs、Ci）、叶绿素（Chl）及叶片渗透调节物质脯氨酸（Pro）、可溶性蛋白（SP）含量、活性氧代谢及抗氧化酶活性的动态变化及其变异规律，探讨6-BA及种植密度对白刺叶衰老的影响及作用机理。结果表明：20 mg·L-1 6-BA处理低密度种植下的白刺叶Pn、Tr、Gs较未经6-BA处理显著高出37.72%、117.94%、83.18%，而Ci值较对照显著降低32.29%。相较其他6-BA处理的两种种植密度下白刺叶衰老相关生理指标，20 mg·L-1 6-BA处理低密度种植的白刺在叶发育前期（t1至t3时期）可有效促进Chl和SP合成，叶发育后期（t4、t5时期）则可有效缓解Chl、SP、Pro降解和抑制MDA、H2O2含量增加。10 mg·L-1和20 mg·L-1 6-BA处理可促进白刺叶生长前期抗氧化酶SOD、POD、CAT活性的增加，减缓叶生长后期酶活性的下降。相同浓度6-BA处理的3种酶活性均表现为低密度>高密度。主成分及隶属函数分析综合表明，花芽萌动至果实脱落期间以20 mg·L-1 6-BA每隔10 d（共8次）处理低密度种植下的白刺叶片抗衰老能力最强。喷施6-BA和减小种植密度可作为缓解白刺叶衰老、实现白刺高效种植及资源有效开发利用的重要技术措施。

关键词: 白刺, 6-苄基腺嘌呤（6-BA）, 种植密度, 叶衰老生理特性

Abstract:

To explore the effect and mechanism of 6-BA and planting density on leaf senescence of Nitraria tangutorum, after spraying 6-BA of different concentrations (0, 10, 20, and 30 mg·L-1) on Nitraria tangutorum under two planting densities (low density plant spacing: 1.2 m × 1.5 m, high density plant spacing: 0.8 m × 1.0 m), we studied the dynamic changes and variation in leaf photosynthetic parameters (Pn, Tr, Gs, and Ci), chlorophyll, leaf osmoregulation substance content (Pro and SP), active oxygen metabolism, and antioxidant enzyme activity. Results showed that under 20 mg·L-1 6-BA treatment, the Pn, Tr, and Gs of Nitraria tangutorum planted at low density were significantly higher than those without 6-BA treatment by 37.72%, 117.94%, and 83.18%, respectively, and Ci was significantly lower by 32.29% than that of the control. Compared with the physiological indices related to leaf senescence under the two planting densities of other 6-BA treatments, the 20 mg·L-1 6-BA treatment of Nitraria tangutorum planted at low density can effectively promote the synthesis of Chl and SP in the early stage of leaf development (period t1 to t3); effectively alleviate the degradation of Chl, SP, and Pro; and inhibit the increase in malondialdehyde and H2O2 content in the later stage (period t4 to t5). Under the treatment of 10 and 20 mg·L-1 6-BA, the antioxidant enzymes in the early growth stage of Nitraria tangutorum can be promoted, or their peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities can be increased. In addition, the decline in enzyme activities in the later growth stage of Nitraria tangutorum can be slowed down. The activities of the three enzymes treated with the same concentration of 6-BA showed low density > high density. The analysis of principal components and membership functions revealed that the anti-senescence ability of leaves under low density planting was the strongest when the leaves were treated with 20 mg·L-1 6-BA every 10 days (eight times in total) from flower budding to fruit shedding. Spraying of 6-BA and reduced planting density can be used as important technical measures to alleviate leaf senescence and realize efficient planting and effective resource exploitation.

Key words: Nitraria tangutorum, 6-Benzyl adenine (6-BA), planting density, physiological characteristics of leaf senescence