多特征辅助下的GF-6 WFV影像准噶尔山楂识别研究

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2021.02.27

干旱区研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (2): 553-561.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2021.02.27

多特征辅助下的GF-6 WFV影像准噶尔山楂识别研究

陈春秀^1,²(),陈蜀江^1,²(),徐世薇³,陈孟禹⁴,贾翔¹,黄铁成¹,李春蕾⁵

1.新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,新疆乌鲁木齐 8300054
2.乌鲁木齐空间遥感应用研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐 830054
3.额敏县自然资源局,新疆塔城 834600
4.北京林业大学林学院,北京 100083
5.中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所,北京 100091

收稿日期:2020-12-03 修回日期:2021-01-27 出版日期:2021-03-15 发布日期:2021-04-25
通讯作者: 陈蜀江
作者简介:陈春秀（1992-）,女,硕士研究生,主要从事资源环境遥感和空间信息提取. E-mail:444838693@qq.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划《天山北坡退化野果林生态保育与健康调控技术》项目资助(2016YFC0501500)

Crataegus songarica recognition using Gaofen-6 wide-field-view data assisted by multiple features

CHEN Chunxiu^1,²(),CHEN Shujiang^1,²(),XU Shiwei³,CHEN Mengyu⁴,JIA Xiang¹,HUANG Tiecheng¹,LI Chunlei⁵

1. College of Geography and Tourism, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang, China
2. Urumqi Institute of Spatial Remote Sensing Applications, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang, China
3. Emin County Bureau of Natural Resources, Tarbagatay 834600, Xinjiang, China
4. Forestry Institute, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
5. Institute of Forest Ecological Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100091, China

Received:2020-12-03 Revised:2021-01-27 Online:2021-03-15 Published:2021-04-25
Contact: Shujiang CHEN

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对高分六号WFV数据应用研究基础相对薄弱,准噶尔山楂遥感识别在算法、数据源等方面存在不足的问题,联合GF-6 WFV和ZY-3号影像数据提取多种分类特征,基于面向对象分割、特征选择、特征重要性评价与组合以及多分类器联合等方法对准噶尔山楂的遥感识别开展研究,提出优选特征辅助下的面向对象多分类器组合的准噶尔山楂识别算法。研究表明：（1） GF-6 WFV数据能够很好的对准噶尔山楂进行识别,特别是新增的红边波段对树种识别具有重要作用;（2）面向对象分割、特征选择和多特征组合都对准噶尔山楂识别的精度具有正向提升作用;（3）多分类器组合算法能够弥补单一分类器表征力差异造成的误差,显著提高识别精度和算法的稳定性。

关键词: 高分六号, 特征选择, 面向对象, 多分类器组合, 准噶尔山楂

Abstract:

Our ability to extract spatial distribution information for Crataegus songarica by remote sensing is relatively weak, and the performance of a single algorithm in information extraction is different. To address this problem, we explored the application potential of domestic Gaofen-6 (GF-6) wide-field-view (WFV) data in tree species recognition in arid and semi-arid areas. Using GF-6 WFV and Ziyuan-3 (ZY-3) data, we constructed a combined classifier recognition algorithm with multi-feature assistance. First, we combined a linear spectral clustering algorithm for ZY-3 data super-pixel segmentation with the sample set to determine the optimal scale, avoid the salt-and-pepper phenomenon and improve the recognition accuracy. Second, we extracted spectral features, texture features, and vegetation index features based on multi-source data, using the recursive feature elimination method to select classification features. Feature importance was evaluated based on the mean decrease impurity to construct the optimal classification feature set, improve the separability between feature classes, and reduce the redundancy between features. Finally, we constructed a weight-adaptive voting combination classifier based on the support vector machine algorithm and random forest algorithm. Combined with a variety of classification schemes, the spatial distribution of Crataegus songarica was extracted and verified to evaluate the influence of object-oriented algorithm, multi-classifier combination algorithm, and feature selection on the classification accuracy. The results showed that GF-6 WFV data can be used to identify Crataegus songarica and have great application potential in forestry production. Compared with GF-1 WFV, two new red-edge bands of GF-6 WFV play an important role in the identification of Crataegus songarica. Compared with traditional pixel-based methods, the object-based recognition of Crataegus songarica effectively mitigated the pepper salt phenomenon and significantly improved the recognition accuracy, algorithm efficiency, and robustness. Moreover, the feature selection effectively reduced the redundancy between classification features and improved the computational efficiency and algorithm stability; the selected features significantly improved the accuracy. Using a weight-adaptive multi-classifier voting combination algorithm can integrate the advantages of different algorithms, effectively avoid the partial ‘confusion’ caused by the representation force difference of the single classifier, and improve the recognition accuracy.

Key words: GF-6, feature selection, object-oriented, multi classifier combination, Crataerus songarica

陈春秀,陈蜀江,徐世薇,陈孟禹,贾翔,黄铁成,李春蕾. 多特征辅助下的GF-6 WFV影像准噶尔山楂识别研究[J]. 干旱区研究, 2021, 38(2): 553-561.

CHEN Chunxiu,CHEN Shujiang,XU Shiwei,CHEN Mengyu,JIA Xiang,HUANG Tiecheng,LI Chunlei. Crataegus songarica recognition using Gaofen-6 wide-field-view data assisted by multiple features[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2021, 38(2): 553-561.

图/表 10

图1

表1

图2

表2

植被指数概览"

植被指数	计算公式	表征意义及取值范围
NDVI	$ρ NIR - ρ RED ρ NIR + ρ RED$	表征植被绿地,植被茂密时其灵敏度会降低;取值范围-1~1,一般植被范围是0.2~0.8
RVI	$ρ NIR ρ RED$	大气敏感,在植被茂密时分辨力更强;取值范围0~30+,一般植被范围2~8
DVI	$ρ NIR - ρ RED$	土壤敏感,在植被相对稀疏时,表征能力更强;取值范围量级差异较大
VRE	$ρ 740 ρ 720$	对叶绿素浓度、叶冠层和水分含量的综合灵敏;取值范围0~20,一般植被范围4~8
PRI	$ρ 531 - ρ 570 ρ 531 + ρ 570$	对活林木的类胡萝卜素变化反应灵敏;取值范围-1~1,一般植被区范围-0.2~0.2
ARI1	$1 / ρ 550 - 1 / ρ 700$	对叶片中的花青素非常敏感;取值范围0~0.2+,一般植被范围0.001~0.1
ARI2	$ρ 800 × 1 / ρ 550 - 1 / ρ 700$	ARI2是ARI1的改进,在高花青素浓度时更加有效;取值范围0~0.2+,一般植被范围0.001~0.1

表2

图3

图4

表3

表4

图5

图6

参考文献 15

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数据类型	成像时间	波段名	波长范围/μm	空间分辨率/m
GF-6 WFV	2019-08-06	蓝波段	0.45~0.52	16.0
		绿波段	0.52~0.59
		红波段	0.63~0.69
		近红外	0.77~0.89
		红边波段1	0.69~0.73
		红边波段2	0.73~0.77
		紫波段	0.40~0.45
		黄波段	0.59~0.63
ZY-3	2019-07-24	蓝波段	0.45~0.52	6.0
		绿波段	0.52~0.59
		红波段	0.63~0.69
		近红外	0.77~0.89
		全色波段	0.50~0.80	2.1

分类方案	分类特征因子	分类算法	是否分割
方案1	优化全部特征（21）	WAVCC	是
方案2	未优选全部特征（71）	WAVCC	是
方案3	优化后像元尺度特征（17）	WAVCC	否
方案4	优化后全部特征（21）	SVM	是
方案5	优化后全部特征（21）	RF	是
方案6	优化光谱特征+优化纹理特征（16）	WAVCC	是
方案7	优化光谱特征+优化植被指数特征（15）	WAVCC	是

分类方案	OA/%	Kappa	UA/%	PA/%	ET/min
方案1	95.27	0.92	93.85	94.72	17.0
方案2	95.29	0.71	90.33	94.51	38.8
方案3	92.43	0.88	89.41	86.99	30.4
方案4	93.46	0.76	92.72	89.96	9.4
方案5	91.96	0.81	88.86	91.21	5.7
方案6	87.34	0.91	87.33	87.10	12.9
方案7	90.59	0.83	91.22	89.57	11.3

多特征辅助下的GF-6 WFV影像准噶尔山楂识别研究

Crataegus songarica recognition using Gaofen-6 wide-field-view data assisted by multiple features

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