干旱区研究

Arid Zone Research >

2021 , Vol. 38 >Issue 6: 1524 - 1533

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13866/j.azr.2021.06.04

Water Resources and Utilization

Reconstruction of the glacier mass balance in the Qilian Mountains from 1961 to 2013

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  • 1. State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Enivironment and Resources, CAS, Gansu, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049

Received date: 2021-06-17

  Revised date: 2021-08-22

  Online published: 2021-11-29

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Abstract

Glacier mass balance is the most direct and reliable indicator of climate change. Its dynamic change likely alters the ice storage and runoff of glaciers. Most glaciers in the world have retreated because of global warming, and this phenomenon has been accelerating for the last 20 years. The glacier area in the Qilian Mountains is the “wet island” of the arid and semiarid regions of the Qaidam Basin and the Hexi Corridor. In these parts, the main replenishing areas of water resources are abundant glacier and precipitation resources, which provide abundant and stable water resources for the economic development of these regions. Glacier melt water accounts for 25%-60% of the river runoff in the inland river basins of northwest China. As such, changes in mass balance in the Qilian Mountains should be monitored and estimated to develop scientific and reasonable measures and implementation programs under the influence of cryospheric changes in western China and to establish risk control and policy regulations. In this study, a distributed degree-day model with radiation terms was used to reconstruct the glacial mass balance from 1961 to 2013 at the watershed scale of the Qilian Mountains. Input data included the second glacial catalog data set of China, precipitation data from the National Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Science Data Center, and temperature data from weather stations and digital elevation models. The degree-day factor was obtained from existing monitoring report on glaciers. Changes in the glacier mass balance in the Qilian Mountains could be divided into two stages in 1995. The glacier mass balance exhibited alternate changes between positive and negative values, and such variations were relatively small from 1961 to 1995. The amounts of glacier melting and accumulation were basically the same. Glacier melting intensified rapidly from 1996 to 2013. The mass balance remained negative, and the average mass balance was (-0.54±0.13)m w.e.·a-1 mainly because the annual increase in the positive accumulated temperature led to the accelerated melting of glaciers. The cumulative mass balance of glaciers in the Qilian Mountains from 1961 to 2013 was (-12.76±4.24)m w.e., the glacier melting rates in the middle and eastern parts of the Qilian Mountains were higher than that in the western part.

Key words： Qilian Mountains; watershed; glacier mass balance; reconstruction

Cite this article

WANG Lihui,QIN Xiang,CHEN Jizu,ZHANG Dongwei,LIU Yushuo,LI Yanzhao,JIN Zizhen . Reconstruction of the glacier mass balance in the Qilian Mountains from 1961 to 2013[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2021 , 38(6) : 1524 -1533 . DOI: 10.13866/j.azr.2021.06.04

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