干旱区研究

Arid Zone Research >

2023 , Vol. 40 >Issue 12: 1938 - 1948

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13866/j.azr.2023.12.07

Land and Water Resources

Effects of irrigation and salinity treatments on the soil bacterial community and plant physiological characteristics of Cyperus esculentus farmland in Horqin Sandy Land

  • Rui WU ,
  • Hongyu CAO ,
  • Guanglei GAO ,
  • Minghan YU ,
  • Guodong DING ,
  • Ying ZHANG ,
  • Peishan ZHAO
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  • 1. School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Engineering Research Centre of Forestry Ecological Engineering, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
    2. Yanchi Ecology Research Station of the Mu Us Desert, Yanchi 751500, Ningxia, China
    3. Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China

Received date: 2023-04-30

  Revised date: 2023-08-14

  Online published: 2023-12-18

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Abstract

To reveal the soil bacterial community structure and its effects on Cyperus esculentus, affected by different irrigation and salinity treatments in the Qian Gorlos Irrigation District, a random plot sampling experiment was conducted using two-factor, three-level (irrigation level: 50%, 70%, and 100% standard irrigation quota; salt level: control group, mild salinity stress, and moderate salinity stress). Comparative analysis of soil bacterial community characteristics in C. esculentus cropland under different irrigation and salinity treatments was performed. Simultaneously, the molecular ecological network of soil bacteria was constructed to determine the keystone species and its interrelationship with C. esculentus growth. Results showed that (1) The dominant phyla of soil bacteria in C. esculentus cropland were Proteobacteria (22.85% ± 3.80%), Acidobacteriota (20.02% ± 3.21%), and Actinobacteriota (18.85% ± 2.41%). The dominant genera were RB41, Sphingomonas, and Rubrobacter. Bacterial alpha diversity differed insignificantly under different irrigation or salinity treatments (P > 0.05). With increasing irrigation, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria gradually increased, whereas that of RB41 gradually decreased. The same trend was observed with increasing salinity stress. (2) The co-existence relationship between bacterial species was stronger in 100% standard irrigation quota treatments, with a positive correlation rate of 78.05%. Additionally, the degree of interactions and tightness of connections between bacterial species was highest at 50% standard irrigation quota treatments. The highest ecological network complexity and degree of interactions among bacterial communities were found in control group soils, and stronger co-existence relationships among bacterial species were found in moderate salinity soils, with a positive correlation rate of 75.31%. (3) The number of keystone species increased with increasing irrigation. Additionally, the RB41 genus appeared under 70% and 100% standard irrigation quota treatments. Significant differences were observed in keystone species under different salinity stresses. At an S2 salinity gradient, the number of keystone species reached a maximum, with the emergence of the dominant genera RB41 and Lysobacter. The keystone species were Rubrobacter, RB41, Dongia, Steroidobacter, Nitrospira, Lysobacter, and Luteolibacter. (4) Variations in irrigation significantly affected plant height, crown size, number of tillers, above-ground dry weight, carboxylase activity, proline, and superoxide dismutase activities of C. esculentus plants (P < 0.05). Changes in salt application significantly affected plant height, above-ground dry weight, abscisic acid, soluble sugar, peroxidase activity, and malondialdehyde in C. esculentus (P < 0.05). The final screening was performed to conclude that Lysobacter, Nitrospira, Lysobacter, Dongia, RB41, Steroidobacter, and Luteolibacter were significantly associated with the growth and physiological traits of C. esculentus (P < 0.05). The soil bacterial community composition, molecular network, and keystone species were changed as a result of different irrigation or salt treatments, and keystone species were significantly associated with the growth of C. esculentus. This improved information contributes to a better understanding of the soil bacterial community structure and its ecological function in C. esculentus cropland and provides a theoretical basis for adaptive planting and stable and high yield of C. esculentus.

Key words： irrigation or salinity treatments; bacterial community structure; keystone species; co-occurrence network; Cyperus esculentus; Horqin Sandy Land

Cite this article

Rui WU , Hongyu CAO , Guanglei GAO , Minghan YU , Guodong DING , Ying ZHANG , Peishan ZHAO . Effects of irrigation and salinity treatments on the soil bacterial community and plant physiological characteristics of Cyperus esculentus farmland in Horqin Sandy Land[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2023 , 40(12) : 1938 -1948 . DOI: 10.13866/j.azr.2023.12.07

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