天山不同海拔雪岭云杉生长季水分来源

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2023.03.10

Abstract

Abstract:

Picea schrenkiana is a typical constructive species in the Chinese Tianshan forest ecosystem with important ecological values. In this study, P. schrenkiana at three altitude gradients were selected to study its water sources during the growing season (June to September) in the natural forest conservation area of the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains. The hydrogen-oxygen stable isotope technique was used to determine the δ¹⁸O values of xylem water and soil water levels. In addition, the relationships between xylem water or soil water δ¹⁸O values and altitude were analyzed, and the IsoSource model was used to quantify the water sources of P. schrenkiana at different altitudes. The results showed that: (1) the δ¹⁸O of soil water at the three elevations were depleted in April and enriched from May to September. The δ¹⁸O values of stem water at 1450 m elevation showed the greatest variation between months, while the δ¹⁸O of stem water was gradually enriched at the three elevations from June to September; (2) the 0-0.2 m soil water contributed more than half of the P. schrenkiana water requirement at the three elevations during the growing season, with the surface soil water average contribution rates of 61.37%, 51.35%, and 58.42% in the high, middle, and low elevations, respectively. In May and June, P. schrenkiana tended to use soil water in all layers equally, and no significant shift in the plant water uptake was observed during the growing season. In addition, the water absorption of P. schrenkiana mainly occurred at 0-0.2 m soil water level, suggesting that it could rapidly absorb rainfall water, which can improve soil hydrology and reduce the damage caused by extreme rainfall. Therefore, strengthening the protection management of P. schrenkiana forests can effectively improve the water conservation capacity of forests and enhance their ecological benefits.

Key words: Picea schrenkiana, stable isotopes, IsoSource model, water source

TIAN Shengchuan, ZHAO Shanchao, ZHENG Xinjun, WANG Yugang, LI Yan. Water source of spruce (Picea schrenkiana) at different altitudes in the Tianshan Mountains during the growing season[J].Arid Zone Research, 2023, 40(3): 436-444.

Figures/Tables 7

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References 41

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海拔/m	胸径/cm	冠幅/m	树高/m
2200	92.31±3.77	6.11±0.46	50.75±2.28
1800	83.00±10.45	6.21±0.65	45.19±6.16
1450	119.13±9.14	6.69±0.25	67.81±6.48

因子	SWC		土壤水δ¹⁸O值		植物水δ¹⁸O值
因子	F值	变异贡献率/%	F值	变异贡献率/%	F值	变异贡献率/%
月份	12.25^**	13.59	54.95^**	35.28	44.32^**	56.67
海拔	17.94^**	7.96	13.59^**	3.49	5.18^**	2.60
土层	35.02^**	15.54	5.63^**	1.45	-	-
月份×海拔	6.13^**	13.61	18.87^**	24.23	11.21^**	28.16
月份×土层	2.02^*	4.48	6.49^**	8.34	-	-
海拔×土层	6.26^**	5.56	2.26	1.16	-	-
月份×海拔×土层	0.75	3.33	2.04^**	5.25	-	-

海拔/m	土层深度/m	月份
海拔/m	土层深度/m	4月	5月	6月	7月	8月	9月
2200	0~0.2	49.0	54.8	38.1	67.1	61.3	97.9
	0.2~0.4	32.9	28.1	46.7	17.8	29.6	1.3
	>0.4	18.1	17.1	15.2	15.1	9.0	0.9
1800	0~0.2	47.5	29.5	43.7	65.9	71.4	50.1
	0.2~0.4	29.9	37.4	38.1	15.7	15.7	28.3
	>0.4	22.6	33.1	18.2	18.4	12.8	21.6
1450	0~0.2	89.0	42.2	29.4	47.2	45.8	96.9
	0.2~0.4	5.3	34.4	36.4	26.4	39.2	1.8
	> 0.4	5.7	23.4	34.2	26.4	15.0	1.3

Water source of spruce (Picea schrenkiana) at different altitudes in the Tianshan Mountains during the growing season

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