干旱区研究

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2022 , Vol. 39 >Issue 1: 104 - 112

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13866/j.azr.2022.01.11

应用气候

关中平原极端降水时空变化及其与大气环流的关系

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  • 1.西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西 杨凌 712100
    2.中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西 杨凌 712100
丁莹莹（1995-）,女,硕士研究生,主要从事流域生态水文与水土保持方面研究. E-mail: 2802905386@qq.com

收稿日期: 2021-09-09

  修回日期: 2021-10-25

  网络出版日期: 2022-01-24

基金资助

国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC00707)

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Spatial-temporal variations in extreme precipitation and their relationship with atmospheric circulation in the Guanzhong Plain

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  • 1. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
    2. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China

Received date: 2021-09-09

  Revised date: 2021-10-25

  Online published: 2022-01-24

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摘要

基于关中平原13个气象站1957—2019年逐日降水资料,运用一元线性回归、Pearson相关分析和小波相干分析等方法,计算各极端降水指数,分析其时空变化特征,探讨极端降水与大气环流的关系。结果表明：（1） 在时间上,除极端降水强度以0.007 mm·d-1·(10a)-1速率的上升外,其他极端降水指数均呈下降趋势,其中年均极端降水总量（PRCPTOT）下降最快,下降速率为-5.528 mm·(10a)-1,并且各极端降水指数均无显著突变点。（2） 在空间上,极端降水指数南高北低,空间差异显著。（3） 反映大气环流的南方涛动指数（SOI）对极端降水影响最为显著。SOI越大,关中平原越易出现少雨现象。本研究可为关中平原洪水灾害防治提供科学理论依据。

关键词： 关中平原; 极端降水; 时空变化; 大气环流

本文引用格式

丁莹莹,邱德勋,吴常雪,穆兴民,高鹏 . 关中平原极端降水时空变化及其与大气环流的关系[J]. 干旱区研究, 2022 , 39(1) : 104 -112 . DOI: 10.13866/j.azr.2022.01.11

Abstract

Based on daily precipitation data collected from 13 meteorological stations in the Guanzhong Plain in 1957-2019, the extreme precipitation indices were calculated and their spatial-temporal variation characteristics were analyzed. Specifically, the correlation between extreme precipitation and atmospheric general circulation was explored using a unitary linear regression method, Pearson correlation analysis, and wavelet coherence analysis. The results showed the following. (1) Extreme precipitation intensity showed an increasing trend at a rate of 0.007 mm·d-1·(10a)-1, whereas other extreme precipitation indices showed a decreasing trend in which the annual total extreme precipitation showed the most pronounced decreased with a rate of -5.528 mm·(10a)-1. Additionally, none of the extreme precipitation indices had a significant mutation point. (2) The extreme precipitation indices were higher in the south and lower in the north, with a significant spatial difference detected. (3) Only the southern oscillation index (SOI) had a significant effect on extreme precipitation. The larger the SOI value, the more likely it was to rain less on the Guanzhong Plain. These results provide a theoretical basis for flood disaster prevention and control on the Guanzhong Plain.

Key words： Guanzhong Plain; extreme precipitation; spatial-temporal variation; atmospheric circulation

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