天气与气候

海温与海冰对宁夏汛期降水分布特征异常的协同影响

  • 王岱 ,
  • 李欣 ,
  • 张雯 ,
  • 马阳 ,
  • 王素艳 ,
  • 李佳瑶
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  • 1.中国气象局旱区特色农业气象灾害监测预警与风险管理重点实验室,宁夏 银川 750002
    2.宁夏回族自治区气候中心,宁夏 银川 750002
王岱(1990-),女,工程师,主要从事气候变化及短期气候预测研究. E-mail: wangd123@126.com
李欣. E-mail: lixin_720@163.com

收稿日期: 2024-02-26

  修回日期: 2024-04-26

  网络出版日期: 2024-08-22

基金资助

宁夏智能数字预报技术研究与应用科技创新团队(2024CXTD006);2022年中国气象局复盘总结专项(FPZJ2023-145);宁夏自然科学基金项目(2023AAC03792);第七批宁夏回族自治区青年科技人才托举工程

Synergistic effects of sea surface temperature and sea ice on the anomalous characteristics of precipitation distribution during the flood season in Ningxia

  • WANG Dai ,
  • LI Xin ,
  • ZHANG Wen ,
  • MA Yang ,
  • WANG Suyan ,
  • LI Jiayao
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  • 1. Key Laboratory for Meteorological Disaster Monitoring and Early Warning and Risk Management of Characteristic Agriculture in Arid Regions, China Meteorological Administration, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China
    2. Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Climate Center, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China

Received date: 2024-02-26

  Revised date: 2024-04-26

  Online published: 2024-08-22

摘要

宁夏南北气候差异大,与生态息息相关的降水空间分布特征演变及其影响因素需要更加细致深入的分析,本文选取1961—2022年宁夏20个国家气象站汛期降水、NCEP/NCAR大气再分析、海温及北极海冰资料,利用气候统计诊断方法,建立了宁夏汛期降水南北异常指标,探究太平洋海温和北极海冰强迫信号协同作用对其异常的可能影响。结果表明:宁夏汛期降水南北反位相特征分量呈明显的年代际变化,新年代际背景下典型“北涝南旱”分布型相比于1991年以前频次明显增加,南北反位相分布型出现比重增大,且南北差异愈发明显。太平洋海温(Isst)和北极海冰(Iice)关键区指标的协同(符号一致)和拮抗(符号相反)作用,造成乌拉尔山、贝加尔湖及鄂霍茨克海附近的位势高度异常,使得冷空气影响路径以及水汽输送位置不同。当IsstIice同为正时,宁夏汛期容易出现“南涝北旱”分布型,主要以南区偏多、北区偏少和南区偏多程度大于北区为主;当Isst为正、Iice为负时,容易出现“北涝南旱”分布型,尤其以北区偏多、南区偏少为主;当IsstIice同为负时,容易出现“北涝南旱”分布型,以北区偏多、南区偏少和北区偏少程度小于南区为主;当Isst为负、Iice为正时,以南区、北区均偏少为主。

本文引用格式

王岱 , 李欣 , 张雯 , 马阳 , 王素艳 , 李佳瑶 . 海温与海冰对宁夏汛期降水分布特征异常的协同影响[J]. 干旱区研究, 2024 , 41(8) : 1288 -1299 . DOI: 10.13866/j.azr.2024.08.03

Abstract

There are significant climate differences between the north and south of Ningxia; however, the evolution characteristics and factors influencing precipitation spatial patterns closely related to ecology require more detailed and in-depth analysis. Using climate statistical diagnostic methods, this research examines precipitation data during the flood season for 20 meteorological stations in Ningxia, NCEP/NCAR atmospheric reanalysis, sea surface temperature and Arctic sea ice data from 1961 to 2022. An abnormal index for the north-south pattern of precipitation during the flood season in Ningxia was identified and explored the possible impact of the synergy of Pacific sea surface temperature and Arctic sea ice signals driving this anomaly. The results show that the characteristic components of the north-south reverse phase of precipitation during the flood season in Ningxia have significant interdecadal variations. The frequency of the typical “northern flood and southern drought” distribution patterns increased significantly in the recent interdecadal background compared with before 1991, the proportion of the north-south reverse phase distribution pattern increased, and the north-south difference become more obvious. The synergistic (consistent phase) and antagonistic (opposite phase) effects of key indicators of Pacific sea surface temperature (Isst) and Arctic sea ice (Iice) cause abnormal geopotential heights over the Ural Mountains, Lake Baikal, and the Okhotsk Sea, resulting in different impact paths of cold air and positions of water vapor transport. When Isst and Iice are both positive, Ningxia is prone to the distribution pattern of “southern flooding and northern drought” during the flood season, characterized mainly by more precipitation in the southern region, less in the northern region, and more in the southern region than in the northern region. When Isst is positive and Iice is negative, the “northern flooding and southern drought” distribution pattern is likely to occur, especially when the northern region has more precipitation and the southern region has less. When Isst and Iice are both negative, the “northern flooding and southern drought” distribution pattern was likely to occur, mainly because of more precipitation in the northern region, less precipitation in the southern region, and less precipitation in the northern region compared with the southern region. When Isst is negative and Iice is positive, this was mainly due to the precipitation in the southern and northern regions being lower.

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