黄河流域是我国重要的生态脆弱区，明确流域不同等级降水量与降水天数、降水强度之间的关系，可为揭示流域降水规律提供基础信息。基于1960—2020年黄河流域96个气象站点降水资料，采用数理统计和Pearson相关分析等方法对流域不同等级降水时空演变特征进行了分析，探讨了不同等级降水对总降水的贡献和影响。结果表明：近61 a黄河流域年降水量和降水强度分别以0.008 mm·(10a)^-1和0.12 mm·d^-1·(10a)^-1（P<0.01）的倾向率增加，降水日数以-1.82 d·(10a)^-1的倾向率减少（P<0.01），小雨和中雨量与日数均呈减少趋势，大雨、暴雨和大暴雨量与日数均呈上升趋势，各等级降水强度均呈增加趋势。近61 a小雨发生率最高为84.32%，小雨贡献率最大，为37.64%；中雨次之，为34.47%；小雨发生率（P<0.01）和贡献率呈减少趋势，大雨以上降水发生率和贡献率呈增加趋势。黄河流域小雨量、小雨日数和小雨强度在西南部形成高值中心，随着降水等级的增加，降水量、降水日数和降水强度的高值区域主要集中在流域东南部。相关分析表明，黄河流域年总降水量受中雨和大雨量影响较大，年总降水日数受小雨日数影响较大，年总降水强度受大雨和暴雨量及其降水日数的影响较大。研究结果可为流域生态保护提供参考。

The Yellow River Basin is an important ecologically fragile area in China. The clarification of the relationship between different levels of precipitation, precipitation days, and precipitation intensity in the basin is important to characterize the precipitation patterns in the basin. Using precipitation data collected from 96 meteorological stations in the Yellow River Basin from 1960 to 2020, the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of different grades of precipitation in the basin were analyzed using mathematical statistics and Pearson correlation analysis, and the contribution and impact of different grades of precipitation on the total precipitation were discussed. In the studied recent 61-year period, the annual precipitation and precipitation intensity in the Yellow River Basin followed increasing trends with rates of 0.008 mm·(10a)^-1 and 0.12 mm·d^-1·(10a)^-1, respectively. The number of precipitation days followed a decreasing trend with a rate of -1.82 d·(10a)^-1. The rainfall and days of light rain and moderate rain followed a downward trend; the amount and number of days of heavy rain, rainstorm, and heavy rainstorm followed an upward trend, and the precipitation intensity of each grade followed an increasing trend. Over the recent 61-year studied period, the highest occurrence rate of light rain was 84.32%, with the highest contribution rate from light rain (37.64%) followed by moderate rain (34.47%). The occurrence rate and contribution rate of light rain followed decreasing trends, whereas the occurrence rate and contribution rate of precipitation of heavy rain followed increasing trends. The areas with high values of light precipitation, light precipitation days, and light precipitation intensity were mainly concentrated in the southwest of the basin. As the precipitation level increased, the areas with high precipitation, precipitation days, and precipitation intensity were mainly concentrated in the southeast of the basin. Correlation analysis revealed that the annual precipitation of the Yellow River Basin was strongly affected by moderate and heavy rainfall, the annual precipitation days were strongly affected by the light rain days, and the annual precipitation intensity was strongly affected by the amount of heavy rain, rainstorm, and precipitation days. These findings can support ecological protection in the basin.