山西中部城市群是山西省经济发展态势最好的区域，这种经济增长却伴随着生态系统不同程度的破坏。本文基于土地利用格局演变，运用InVEST模型、ArcGIS技术、像元统计分析和四象限模型等方法，评估2000—2020年产水、粮食供给、土壤保持和碳储量服务的时空格局及权衡/协同关系，并深入分析了土地利用格局对生态系统服务的影响。结果表明：（1） 山西中部城市群产水量、粮食供给和土壤保持逐年增加，而碳储量则缓慢递减，不同地类和行政区所提供的生态系统服务能力存在显著差异。（2） 空间格局上，生态系统服务整体以协同关系为主，粮食供给、产水量和土壤保持三者互为协同关系，而与碳储量均为权衡关系。（3） 建设用地扩张对产水服务产生正向影响，林地增加促进土壤保持，而林地和草地减少对碳储量产生负向影响；土地利用强度与产水量、粮食供给、土壤保持之间整体呈正相关关系，但对碳储量的影响却呈现负向趋势。这些结果为山西中部城市群及其他类似地区的生态安全建设和可持续发展提供重要参考。

The Shanxi central urban agglomeration is the region with the best economic development in that province. However, this economic growth is accompanied by varying degrees of damage to the ecosystem. Based on the evolution of land use patterns, methods such as the InVEST model, ArcGIS, pixel statistical analysis and the four-quadrant model to assess the spatiotemporal patterns and trade-offs/synergies of water yield, food provision, soil conservation, and carbon storage services from 2000 to 2020, and to analyze in depth the impact of land use patterns on ecosystem services. The results showed that (1) Shanxi central urban agglomeration services of water yield, food supply, and soil retention elevated over the years, while carbon storage diminished marginally, with significant discrepancies in the ecosystem service capacities across various land types and administrative regions. (2) Ecosystem services overall are primarily characterized by synergistic relationships; food supply, water yield, and soil conservation are synergistic, whereas all maintain a trade-off relationship with carbon storage. (3) Expansion of built-up land positively impacts water yield, increased forest land promotes soil conservation, while reduction of forest and grassland negatively impacts carbon storage. Land use intensity was positively correlated with water yield, food supply, and soil retention, yet adversely affected carbon storage. These findings provide critical reference points for the ecological security and sustainable development of Shanxi central urban agglomeration and other similar regions.