2000—2020年“一江两河”地区耕地集约利用变化
收稿日期: 2023-08-31
修回日期: 2023-12-19
网络出版日期: 2024-05-29
基金资助
第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(2019QZKK0603)
Changes of farmland use intensity in the YLN region from 2000 to 2020
Received date: 2023-08-31
Revised date: 2023-12-19
Online published: 2024-05-29
耕地利用集约度是提高粮食产量、缓解人地矛盾，实现农业可持续发展的重要保障。本文基于高空间分辨率遥感影像获取的耕地数据，采用综合指标评价模型，探究了2000—2020年“一江两河”地区耕地的集约利用变化及驱动机制。结果表明：（1） 近20 a来“一江两河”地区耕地利用集约度有所提升，但总体水平偏低。2020年耕地利用集约度较2000年提高了38.2%，这一提升主要归因于农资投入、技术投入和开发利用水平的增加。（2） 各区县间耕地利用集约度变化差异大，在空间上呈现出高集约度区域由东部向西部迁移且范围扩大的变化特征，东西区域间耕地利用集约度差异缩小，低集约度的区县数量减少。（3） 灌溉指数、耕地面积比重和耕地质量对“一江两河”耕地利用集约度的独立影响最显著，社会经济因素、农业科技因素和政策环境因素与耕地资源禀赋交互作用下对耕地利用集约度的影响程度增大。基于上述结果，提出以下政策建议：应持续推进“一江两河”地区农业科技创新，重点关注区域差异，实现高集约度地区可持续发展，低集约度地区全要素投入，同时充分发挥农业政策和经济的协同作用，协调促进“一江两河”地区耕地利用集约度提升。
桑一铭 , 辛良杰 . 2000—2020年“一江两河”地区耕地集约利用变化[J]. 干旱区研究, 2024 , 41(5) : 843 -855 . DOI: 10.13866/j.azr.2024.05.12
Farmland use intensity is an important factor to improve food production, alleviate the conflict between humans and land, and achieve sustainable agricultural development. Based on the farmland data obtained from high spatial resolution remote sensing images, this paper explores the farmland use intensity and its driving mechanism in the Yarlung Zangbo-Lhasa-Nyangqu River (YLN) region in 2000 and 2020 through a comprehensive evaluation index model. The results show that: (1) the degree of farmland use intensity in the YLN region has increased in the past 20 years, but the overall level is low. The farmland use intensity in 2020 was 38.2% higher than in 2000, which is mainly attributable to the increase in agricultural input, technological input, and the exploitation and utilization level. (2) There is a large difference in the change in farmland use intensity among different districts and counties; the high intensity areas migrated from east to west and increased in scope. The difference in farmland use intensity between east and west regions narrowed, and the number of low intensity districts and counties decreased. (3) The irrigation index, proportion of farmland area, and farmland quality have the most significant independent effects on the degree of farmland use intensity in the YLN, whereas socioeconomic factors, agricultural science and technology factors, and policy and environment factors interact with farmland resource endowment to increase the degree of impact on the farmland use intensity. Based on the above results, the following policy recommendations are proposed: the continuous promotion of agricultural science and technology innovation in the YLN region with a focus on regional differences, to realize sustainable development in high intensity areas and total factor inputs in low intensity areas, and facilitate the synergistic effects of agricultural policy and economy to coordinate and promote enhanced farmland use intensity in the YLN region.
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