生物炭施加对微咸水滴灌棉田土壤水热盐及棉花生长的影响
收稿日期: 2023-05-07
修回日期: 2023-11-21
网络出版日期: 2024-03-11
基金资助
国家重点研发计划课题(2021YFD1900802);国家自然科学基金项目(52169011);国家自然科学基金项目(52169012);八师石河子市重点领域科技攻关项目(2022NY04);石河子大学创新发展专项项目(CXFZ202106)
Effects of biochar application on soil hydrothermal salinity and cotton growth in brackish water drip irrigation cotton field
Received date: 2023-05-07
Revised date: 2023-11-21
Online published: 2024-03-11
为解决北疆淡水缺乏和土壤质量下降的问题，通过大田试验探明不同灌水矿化度及生物炭施加量对棉田土壤水热盐环境及棉花生长的影响。设置4个生物炭施加水平（B0：0 t·hm-2、B1：20 t·hm-2、B2：40 t·hm-2、B3：60 t·hm-2）和3个灌水矿化度水平（S1：1 g·L-1、S2：3 g·L-1、S3：5 g·L-1），采用双因素完全随机组合试验，研究不同处理对土壤水盐温分布、棉花生长指标、干物质积累量、产量及水分利用率的影响。结果表明：施加生物炭与灌水矿化度的增加均使得土壤含水率和含盐量升高。生物炭施加量的增加使得平均土壤温度升高，升高幅度介于5.9%~15.1%，灌水矿化度对平均土壤温度存在显著影响，但各处理间差异不显著。生物炭施加提高棉花株高、叶面积指数和地上部干物质量。棉花籽棉产量和水分利用率最大值均出现在B2S2处理，为6526.4 kg·hm-2和2.01 kg·hm-2；最小值均出现在B0S3处理，较B2S2处理分别减少18.50%和26.87%。构建多元回归方程，基于棉花高产、高水分利用率；结合归一化处理和空间分析得出最佳生物炭施加量、灌水矿化度区间分别为26~46 t·hm-2和2.45~3.04 g·L-1。
赖虹雨 , 吕德生 , 朱艳 , 王振华 , 温越 , 宋利兵 , 齐浩 . 生物炭施加对微咸水滴灌棉田土壤水热盐及棉花生长的影响[J]. 干旱区研究, 2024 , 41(2) : 326 -338 . DOI: 10.13866/j.azr.2024.02.15
To address the challenges of fresh water shortage and soil quality decline in northern Xinjiang, a field experiment was conducted, investigating the effects of different irrigation water salinity levels and biochar application on the soil hydrothermal conditions, soil salinity, and cotton growth in cotton fields. Four biochar application levels (B0: 0 t·hm-2, B1: 20 t·hm-2, B2: 40 t·hm-2, B3: 60 t·hm-2) and three irrigation water salinity levels (S1: 1 g·L-1, S2: 3 g·L-1, S3: 5 g·L-1) were established. A two-factor completely randomized combination test was used to analyze the effects of these treatments on soil water and salt temperature distribution, cotton growth index, dry matter accumulation, yield, and water use efficiency. The findings indicated that increased biochar and irrigation water salinity levels raised soil water and salt content. Higher biochar application increased the average soil temperature, while irrigation water salinity notably influenced the average soil temperature (P < 0.01). B2S2 treatment increased the cotton plant height, leaf area index, and aboveground dry matter. Optimal yield and water use efficiency occurred in the B2S2 treatment. In contrast, the B0S3 treatment displayed the lowest values, 18.50% and 26.87% lower in yield and water use efficiency, respectively, compared to the B2S2 treatment. A multiple regression equation, combined with normalization and spatial analysis, was established. The optimal biochar amount and irrigation water salinity range based on cotton yield and water use efficiency were 26-46 t·hm-2 and 2.45-3.04 g·L-1, respectively.
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〉 |