干旱区研究

干旱区研究 >

2024 , Vol. 41 >Issue 2: 301 - 313

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13866/j.azr.2024.02.13

生态与环境

基于活力-组织力-恢复力的黑河源区高寒湿地景观生态健康评估

  • 孙玮婕 ,
  • 乔斌 ,
  • 于红妍 ,
  • 赵彤 ,
  • 陈奇
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  • 1.青海省防灾减灾重点实验室，青海 西宁 810001
    2.青海省气象科学研究所，青海 西宁 810001
    3.兰州大学资源环境学院，冰川与沙漠研究中心，甘肃 兰州 730000
    4.青海省祁连山自然保护区管理局，青海 西宁 810008
    5.祁连山国家公园青海服务保障中心，青海 西宁 810008
孙玮婕（1995-），女，硕士，助理工程师，主要从事生态遥感监测研究. E-mail: Jer_2007@126.com

收稿日期: 2023-03-08

  修回日期: 2023-11-01

  网络出版日期: 2024-03-11

基金资助

第二次青藏高原科考项目(2019QZKK0105);国家自然科学基金项目(41961012);国家自然科学基金项目(U21A2021);祁连山国家公园（青海片区）高寒湿地监测及保护恢复项目(QHTX-2020-040)

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Ecological health assessment of the alpine wetland landscape in the Heihe River source area based on vigor, organization, and resilience

  • SUN Weijie ,
  • QIAO Bin ,
  • YU Hongyan ,
  • ZHAO Tong ,
  • CHEN Qi
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  • 1. Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Qinghai Province, Xining 810001, Qinghai, China
    2. Institute of Meteorological Science of Qinghai Province, Xining 810001, Qinghai, China
    3. College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Center for Glacier and Desert Research, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
    4. Qinghai Qilian Mountain Nature Reserve Administration, Xining 810008, Qinghai, China
    5. Service Guarantee Center of Qilian Mountain National Park in Qinghai, Xining 810008, Qinghai, China

Received date: 2023-03-08

  Revised date: 2023-11-01

  Online published: 2024-03-11

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摘要

黑河源国家湿地公园作为典型高寒河源湿地，其生态系统健康状况是衡量高寒湿地当前及未来发展状态的重要依据。本研究基于土地利用数据，引入景观生态脆弱性指数，从生态系统活力、组织力、恢复力和生态系统服务价值4个方面构建高寒湿地生态健康综合评价体系，定量评估2014—2021年黑河源区生态健康时空变化特征。结果表明：（1）草地是黑河源区最主要的土地利用类型，高、中和低覆盖度草地呈镶嵌式分布；其次是未利用地，主要分布在河流两岸及西北部。（2）黑河源区以低脆弱区和较低脆弱区面积为主，整体景观生态脆弱性较低。（3）黑河源区以健康和中等健康为主，整体生态环境健康水平较高。综合来看，黑河源区2014—2021年生态系统较为健康，今后黑河源区应该以生态功能为主，兼顾牧业生产，保证生态系统朝着“生态和谐”的健康方向发展。

关键词： 高寒湿地; 景观指数; 生态健康; 土地利用; VOR模型; 黑河源区

本文引用格式

孙玮婕 , 乔斌 , 于红妍 , 赵彤 , 陈奇 . 基于活力-组织力-恢复力的黑河源区高寒湿地景观生态健康评估[J]. 干旱区研究, 2024 , 41(2) : 301 -313 . DOI: 10.13866/j.azr.2024.02.13

Abstract

The Heihe River source area National Wetland Park, representing a typical alpine wetland, is key for measuring the current and future development of such ecosystems. This study uses land use data to introduce the landscape ecology vulnerability index and establish a comprehensive assessment system of the alpine wetland ecological health based on four aspects: ecosystem vitality, organization, resilience, and ecosystem service value. It quantitatively assesses the spatiotemporal change characteristics of ecological health in the Heihe River source area from 2014 to 2021. The findings reveal that (1) grassland in the Heihe River source area is the main land use type, with high, medium, and low coverage grasslands distributed in a mosaic pattern. The second type is unused land, mainly distributed on both banks of the river and in the northwest; (2) the Heihe River source area consists of both low- and low-vulnerability areas, resulting in an overall low landscape ecology vulnerability; and (3) the Heihe River source area is predominantly rated as healthy and moderately healthy, indicating a relatively high overall ecological environment health level. Throughout 2014 to 2021, the ecosystem of the Heihe River source area was relatively healthy. In the future, the Heihe River source area should prioritize ecological functions, balancing animal husbandry production and ensure the ecosystem’s healthy progression toward achieving “ecological harmony.”

Key words： alpine wetland; landscape index; ecological health; land use; VOR model; the Heihe River source area

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