干旱区研究

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2022 , Vol. 39 >Issue 6: 1819 - 1831

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13866/j.azr.2022.06.12

水土资源

鄂尔多斯市土壤侵蚀时空演变及影响因子分析

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  • 1.中国矿业大学资源枯竭矿区土地修复与生态演替教育部野外科学观测研究站，江苏 徐州 221116
    2.中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院，江苏 徐州 221116
    3.中国矿业大学公共管理学院，江苏 徐州 221116
赵蒙恩（1997-），女，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为自然地理环境演变. E-mail: 1427277041@qq.com

收稿日期: 2022-05-04

  修回日期: 2022-08-24

  网络出版日期: 2023-01-17

基金资助

中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2021ZDPY0205);内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2060399-273);国家自然科学基金项目(51874306)

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Analysis of temporal and spatial evolution and influencing factors of soil erosion in Ordos City

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  • 1. Observation and Research Station of Ministry of Education for Resource Exhausted Mining Area Land Restoration and Ecological Succession, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
    2. School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
    3. School of Public Policy & Management, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China

Received date: 2022-05-04

  Revised date: 2022-08-24

  Online published: 2023-01-17

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摘要

精确评估鄂尔多斯市土壤侵蚀时空变化并研究其影响因子，为该区域生态环境治理与矿区的水土保持提供参考。本文运用RUSLE模型和地理探测器方法，研究2000—2019年鄂尔多斯市土壤水力侵蚀状况，并分析其影响因子。结果表明：（1） 鄂尔多斯市2000年，2005年，2010年，2015年以及2019年的平均土壤侵蚀量分别为3865.49 t·km-2·a-1，2932.85 t·km-2·a-1，2890.21 t·km-2·a-1，3711.10 t·km-2·a-1，4308.21 t·km-2·a-1，在研究的20 a间平均土壤侵蚀量先减后增，采矿活动的增加是土壤侵蚀加重的主要原因。（2） 煤矿区20 km缓冲区内的土壤侵蚀情况向好的方向发展，矿区的生态治理措施有效且可行。（3） 坡度对鄂尔多斯市土壤侵蚀的解释力最强，被认定为主导因子，因子间的协同作用对土壤侵蚀的解释力有所增强。鄂尔多斯市土壤侵蚀情况以微度和轻度侵蚀为主，>35°坡度区间、0~0.3植被覆盖度区间和工矿用地是易发生土壤侵蚀的区域。因此，适当增加植被覆盖可以有效地防治水土流失。

关键词： 土壤侵蚀; RUSLE模型; 地理探测器; 煤矿区; 影响因子; 鄂尔多斯市

本文引用格式

赵蒙恩,闫庆武,刘政婷,王文铭,李桂娥,吴振华 . 鄂尔多斯市土壤侵蚀时空演变及影响因子分析[J]. 干旱区研究, 2022 , 39(6) : 1819 -1831 . DOI: 10.13866/j.azr.2022.06.12

Abstract

The spatial-temporal variation and influencing factors of soil erosion in Ordos City were studied to provide a reference for ecological environment management and soil and water conservation in mining areas. Based on the RUSLE model and geographic detector method, hydraulic soil erosion in Ordos City from 2000 to 2019 was studied, and its influencing factors were analyzed in this paper. The results showed that: (1) The average soil erosion in 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2019 was 3865.49 t·km-2·a-1, 2932.85 t·km-2·a-1, 2890.21 t·km-2·a-1, 3711.10 t·km-2·a-1, 4308.21 t·km-2·a-1, respectively. The average soil erosion decreased first and then increased during the 20 years. Increased mining activity was the main reason for the increased soil erosion. (2) The soil erosion in the 20 km buffer zone of the coal mine area developed in a good direction, and the ecological control measures in the mining area were effective and feasible. (3) Slope had the strongest explanatory power on soil erosion in Ordos City and was identified as the leading factor. The synergy of the two factors had enhanced the explanatory power for soil erosion. The soil erosion situation in Ordos City was mainly slight and mild erosion. >35° slope interval, 0-0.3 vegetation coverage interval, and industrial and mining land was an area prone to soil erosion. Therefore, increasing vegetation coverage can effectively prevent soil erosion.

Key words： soil erosion; RUSLE model; geographic detector; coal mining area; impact factor; Ordos City

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