浮尘气溶胶对沙漠大气边界层结构作用的昼夜差异

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2022.04.03

干旱区研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 1017-1026.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2022.04.03

浮尘气溶胶对沙漠大气边界层结构作用的昼夜差异

朱从祯^1,²(),赵天良^1,²(),孟露²,杨兴华³,何清²,买买提艾力·买买提依明²,杨婕¹,朱燕¹,吴昭烨¹

1.南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心,中国气象局气溶胶-云-降水重点实验室,江苏南京 210044
2.中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐 830002
3.山西师范大学地理科学学院,山西太原 030032

收稿日期:2021-10-13 修回日期:2022-01-03 出版日期:2022-07-15 发布日期:2022-09-26
通讯作者: 赵天良
作者简介:朱从祯（1997-）,男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为大气边界层. E-mail: 20191203040@nuist.edu.cn
基金资助:
中亚大气科学研究基金项目(CAAS201913);国家自然科学基金项目(41875019);国家自然科学基金项目(42030612);国家自然科学基金项目(41830968)

Different diurnal effects of floating dust on the structures in the atmospheric boundary layer over desert areas

ZHU Congzhen^1,²(),ZHAO Tianliang^1,²(),MENG Lu²,YANG Xinghua³,HE Qing²,Ali MAMTIMIN²,YANG Jie¹,ZHU Yan¹,WU Zhaoye¹

1. Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, China
2. Institute of Desert Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Urumqi 830002, Xinjiang, China
3. School of Geography Science Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030032, Shanxi, China

Received:2021-10-13 Revised:2022-01-03 Online:2022-07-15 Published:2022-09-26
Contact: Tianliang ZHAO

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用2016年7月塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地每日4次强化探空和地面气象观测数据,对比分析了夏季塔克拉玛干沙漠晴日和浮尘日的大气边界层结构变化及地表辐射收支差异,揭示了浮尘气溶胶对大气边界层结构影响作用的昼夜差异及作用机理。结果表明：（1）夜间晴日和浮尘日稳定边界层高度分别为270 m和360 m;晴日稳定边界层逆温强度达到3.1 K·（100m）^-1,强于浮尘日的1.6 K·（100m）^-1;白天晴日对流边界层高度接近3600 m,浮尘日仅达2700 m。（2）夜间浮尘气溶胶的向下长波辐射削弱了地表辐射冷却,抬升稳定边界层高度并减弱其稳定度。（3）白天晴日强的太阳短波净辐射加热沙漠地表,其强烈的感热作用形成了超高对流大气边界层;浮尘气溶胶明显减少了地表短波辐射和感热加热,降低了白天对流边界层高度。塔里木盆地独特的浮尘气溶胶辐射效应对沙漠地区大气边界层结构具有昼夜相反的影响。

关键词: 塔克拉玛干沙漠, 大气边界层结构, 浮尘气溶胶辐射效应, 昼夜变化

Abstract:

Based on data from four-times-daily intensive sounding and ground meteorological observations in the hinterland of the Taklamakan Desert in July 2016, this paper compares the structures in the atmospheric boundary layer and differences in surface radiation budget on sunny days and days with high amounts of floating dust (“floating dust days”) to reveal the diurnal change in the effect of floating dust aerosols on the structure of the atmospheric boundary layer and its underlying mechanism. The results show that the height of the stable boundary layer at night on a sunny day and a floating dust day is 270 m and 360 m, respectively. The stable boundary layer inversion intensity on a sunny day reaches 3.1 K·（100m）^-1, which is stronger than 1.6 K·（100m）^-1 on a floating dust day. The convective boundary layer height is close to 3600 m on a sunny day and only 2700 m on a floating dust day. The downward long-wave radiation of floating dust aerosols at night weakens the radiative cooling of the surface, raises the height of stable boundary layer, and weakens its stability. In the daytime, the strong solar short-wave net radiation heats the desert surface, and its strong sensible heat creates an ultrahigh convective atmospheric boundary layer. Floating dust aerosol significantly reduces the surface short-wave radiation and sensible heating and reduces the height of the convective boundary layer during the day. The unique radiation effect of floating dust aerosols in the Tarim Basin has opposite influences on the structure of the atmospheric boundary layer during the day and night.

Key words: Taklamakan Desert, structure of atmospheric boundary layer, radiative forcing of floating dust, diurnal change

朱从祯,赵天良,孟露,杨兴华,何清,买买提艾力·买买提依明,杨婕,朱燕,吴昭烨. 浮尘气溶胶对沙漠大气边界层结构作用的昼夜差异[J]. 干旱区研究, 2022, 39(4): 1017-1026.

ZHU Congzhen,ZHAO Tianliang,MENG Lu,YANG Xinghua,HE Qing,Ali MAMTIMIN,YANG Jie,ZHU Yan,WU Zhaoye. Different diurnal effects of floating dust on the structures in the atmospheric boundary layer over desert areas[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2022, 39(4): 1017-1026.

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	01：15	07：15	01：15	07：15	13：15	19：15
	稳定边界层顶/m		残留混合层顶/m		对流边界层顶/m
晴日	220	290	3340	3060	2490	3580
浮尘日	270	460	2800	2430	2220	2710

	01：15	07：15	01：15	07：15
	低空急流风速/(m·s^-1)		低空急流高度/m
晴日	8.6	10.4	230	300
浮尘日	8.1	6.1	300	490

	向下短波辐射/(MJ·m^-2)		向上短波辐射/(MJ·m^-2)		向下长波辐射/(MJ·m^-2)		向上长波辐射/(MJ·m^-2)		净辐射/(MJ·m^-2)
	白天	夜晚	白天	夜晚	白天	夜晚	白天	夜晚	白天	夜晚
晴日	28.04	0	7.02	0	20.95	11.50	31.20	13.99	10.77	-2.49
浮尘日	23.87	0	6.02	0	21.56	12.73	30.76	14.30	8.65	-1.57

浮尘气溶胶对沙漠大气边界层结构作用的昼夜差异

Different diurnal effects of floating dust on the structures in the atmospheric boundary layer over desert areas

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