香日德-柴达木河流域水体氢氧稳定同位素特征及影响因素研究

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2022.03.15

干旱区研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (3): 820-828.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2022.03.15

香日德-柴达木河流域水体氢氧稳定同位素特征及影响因素研究

何启欣^1,^2,³(),曹广超^2,^3,⁴(),曹生奎^1,^2,³,程梦园^1,^2,³,刁二龙^1,^2,³,高斯远^1,^2,³,邱巡巡^1,^2,³,赵美亮^1,^2,³,程国^1,^2,³

1.青海师范大学地理科学学院,青海西宁 810008
2.青海省自然地理与环境过程重点实验室,青海西宁 810008
3.青藏高原地表过程与生态保育教育部重点实验室,青海西宁 810008
4.青海省人民政府-北京师范大学高原科学与可持续发展研究院,青海西宁 810008

收稿日期:2021-09-03 修回日期:2022-02-22 出版日期:2022-05-15 发布日期:2022-05-30
通讯作者: 曹广超
作者简介:何启欣（1995-）,女,硕士研究生,研究方向为自然地理与生态环境过程. E-mail: heqixin0504@163.com
基金资助:
青海省重大科技专项(2019-SF-A4-3);青海省自然地理与环境过程重点实验室(2020-ZJ-Y06)

Hydrogen-oxygen isotope characteristics of water bodies in the Xiangride-Qaidam River Basin and its influencing factors

HE Qixin^1,^2,³(),CAO Guangchao^2,^3,⁴(),CAO Shengkui^1,^2,³,CHENG Mengyuan^1,^2,³,DIAO Erlong^1,^2,³,GAO Siyuan^1,^2,³,QIU Xunxun^1,^2,³,ZHAO Meiliang^1,^2,³,CHENG Guo^1,^2,³

1. School of Geographical Science of Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, Qinghai, China
2. Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environmental Process, Xining 810008, Qinghai, China
3. MOE Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation, Xining 810008, Qinghai, China
4. Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability People’s Government of Qinghai Province & Beijing Normal University, Xining 810008, Qinghai, China

Received:2021-09-03 Revised:2022-02-22 Online:2022-05-15 Published:2022-05-30
Contact: Guangchao CAO

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用香日德-柴达木河流域的湖水、河水、地下水、井水、雪等不同水体59组样品,室内测试样品δ²H和δ¹⁸O值并对其特征进行分析,探讨其影响因素、氘盈余值(d-excess)及河水沿程变化等。结果表明：（1）香日德-柴达木河流域各水体氢氧同位素特征有差异,水循环过程中δ¹⁸O的富集程度为：湖水>冰>地下水>河水>井水>雪,河水和地下水水力联系紧密,流域各水体中河水和湖水的蒸发作用最强。（2）湖水δ²H和δ¹⁸O的最大值均在盆地底部的霍布逊湖,最小值均在上游东支河源冬给措纳湖,表明青藏高原北部湖水δ²H和δ¹⁸O比南部偏正,存在明显的高程效应。（3）河水δ²H和δ¹⁸O之间存在较显著的线性关系δ²H=4.93δ¹⁸O-29.6（R²=0.97）,氢氧同位素组分的富集主要受控于河流蒸发的影响,河水上游蒸发作用最强,d-excess值偏大的原因可能为海拔高,气温低,空气湿度小。（4）同一位置冰的氢氧稳定同位素较水贫化,是局部水汽反复蒸发凝结的结果。

关键词: 氢氧同位素, 氘盈余参数, 大气降水线, 同位素效应, 香日德-柴达木河流域

Abstract:

In this paper, 59 sets of samples from different water bodies such as lake water, river water, groundwater, well water, and snow in the Xiangride-Qaidam River Basin were used to measure δ²H and δ¹⁸O of indoor samples; analyze their characteristics; and explore their influencing factors, deuterium excess parameter values, and river water variation along the river. Results show that (1) the hydrogen and oxygen isotope characteristics of the water bodies in the Xiangride-Delta River Basin are different. In addition, the enrichment of δ¹⁸O during water cycle is presented in the following order: lake water > ice > groundwater > river water > well water > snow. River water and groundwater are closely linked hydraulically, and the evaporation of river water and lake water is the strongest among the water bodies in the basin. (2) The maximum values of lake water δ²H and δ¹⁸O are observed in Hobson Lake at the bottom of the basin, and the minimum values are observed in the upper east branch of the river water collected from winter to the wrong lake. It shows that the δ²H and δ¹⁸O of lake water in the northern part of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are more positive than those in the south, and there is an obvious elevation effect. (3) Moreover, a significant linear relationship is found between river water δ²H and δ¹⁸O: δ²H = 4.93 δ¹⁸O - 29.6 (R²=0.97). The enrichment of hydrogen and oxygen isotope components is primarily controlled by the influence of river evaporation; strong evaporation effect in the upper reaches of the river; and high deuterium excess caused by high altitude, low temperature, and low air humidity. (4) Compared with water, the depletion of hydrogen and oxygen-stable isotopes in ice at the same location results from repeated evaporation and condensation of local water vapor.

Key words: hydrogen and oxygen isotope, deuterium excess parameter, precipitation line, isotopic effect, Xiangride-Qaidam River Basin

何启欣,曹广超,曹生奎,程梦园,刁二龙,高斯远,邱巡巡,赵美亮,程国. 香日德-柴达木河流域水体氢氧稳定同位素特征及影响因素研究[J]. 干旱区研究, 2022, 39(3): 820-828.

HE Qixin,CAO Guangchao,CAO Shengkui,CHENG Mengyuan,DIAO Erlong,GAO Siyuan,QIU Xunxun,ZHAO Meiliang,CHENG Guo. Hydrogen-oxygen isotope characteristics of water bodies in the Xiangride-Qaidam River Basin and its influencing factors[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2022, 39(3): 820-828.

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类型	样品个数	δ²H/‰		δ¹⁸O/‰		d-excess/‰
类型	样品个数	均值±标准差	变化范围	均值±标准差	变化范围	均值±标准差	变化范围
湖水	8	-116.98±21.10	-139.63~-83.58	-18.19±3.38	-21.63~-11.99	28.57±6.84	12.34~33.43
冰	13	-119.23±12.04	-102.10~-148.90	-17.84±2.02	-22.64~-15.22	23.50±5.16	16.37~32.19
河水	31	-107.87±8.50	-131.78~-91.88	-15.89±1.70	-20.78~-12.92	19.14±5.40	9.88~34.44
地下水	3	-109.32±5.58	-101.57~-114.53	-16.34±0.93	-15.05~-17.20	21.32±1.85	18.83~23.10
井水	3	-99.36±7.17	-104.96~-89.24	-13.90±1.23	-14.86~-12.17	11.81±2.64	8.10~13.96
雪	1	-73.48	-	-7.80	-	-11.12	-

香日德-柴达木河流域水体氢氧稳定同位素特征及影响因素研究

Hydrogen-oxygen isotope characteristics of water bodies in the Xiangride-Qaidam River Basin and its influencing factors

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