“一带一路”沿线分区用水结构与产业结构的分析比较

摘要/Abstract

摘要： “一带一路”沿线用水结构与产业结构的分析，对支撑沿线区域发展意义重大。基于“一带一路”主体水资源区分区及用水研究，采用赫芬达尔-赫希曼指数（HHI指数）分析了“一带一路”产业用水量和GDP的地理集中度，采取用水结构指数和产业结构指数分析了分区用水结构及产业结构的差异，应用洛伦茨曲线和基尼系数对“一带一路”全区用水量与GDP的匹配度进行研究，计算了“一带一路”分区基于数列的用水量与GDP匹配度。结果表明：① “一带一路”第一产业用水量和GDP产值的集中度在三大产业中均为最高，主要集中在东亚、西亚、南亚和东南亚；② 不同分区分产业用水量和GDP产值占各分区总量的比值，在空间分布差异上从大到小依次为第一、第三、第二产业；③ “一带一路”全区第三产业用水结构与GDP产值匹配度最差，南亚是第一产业和第三产业匹配度最差的分区。分析成果有助于系统了解“一带一路”区域用水和产业结构的基本情况，为深入分析分区水资源与经济社会关系提供指导。

关键词: “一带一路”沿线, 水资源分区, 用水结构, 产业结构, 分析比较

Abstract: The research about water consumption and industrial structure along the “Belt and Road” is of great significance for the regional development.In this paper,the geographical concentration ratios of water consumption and GDP of different industries in the regions along the “Belt and Road” were analyzed using the HerfindahlHirschman Index based on studying the regionalization of main water resources areas and the water consumption along the “Belt and Road”,and the values of water consumption structure index and the industrial structure index were calculated.The Lorenz curve and the Gini coefficient were used to study the matching degree of water consumption and GDP in the regions along the “Belt and Road” and to calculate the matching degree based on the data sequence of water consumption and GDP in different regions.The results are as follows: ① The geographical concentration ratios of water consumption and GDP in the primary industry in the regions along the “Belt and Road” were the highest among the three major industries,which was caused by the high water consumption and GDP in the developing regions,such as East Asia,West Asia,South Asia and Southeast Asia;② The proportions of water consumption and GDP in different regions were in an order of primary industry > tertiary industry > secondary industry; ③ Along the “Belt and Road”,the matching degree of water consumption and GDP of tertiary industry was the lowest,especially in South Asia.The research results are of significance to systematically understand the basic situation of water consumption and industrial structure in the regions along the “Belt and Road” and to provide a guidance for further analyzing the relationship between water resources and economic and social development.

Key words: the “Belt and Road”, water resources regionalization, water consumption, industrial structure, analysis and compare

郝林钢, 左其亭, 韩春辉, 李佳璐.

“一带一路”沿线分区用水结构与产业结构的分析比较 [J]. 干旱区研究, 2019, 36(1): 44-51.

HAO Lin-gang, ZUO Qi-ting, HAN Chun-hui, LI Jia-lu.

Water Consumption and Industrial Structure in Different Regions along the “Belt and Road” [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2019, 36(1): 44-51.

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