生物碱参与阿魏种子休眠的调控

干旱区研究 ›› 2013, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (5): 882-886.

生物碱参与阿魏种子休眠的调控

阿卜杜许库尔•牙合甫¹，海利力•库尔班²

1．新疆林业科学院经济林研究所，新疆乌鲁木齐 830063；
2．新疆农业大学林学与园艺学院，新疆乌鲁木齐 830052

收稿日期:2012-08-26 修回日期:2012-11-26 出版日期:2013-09-15 发布日期:2013-09-22
通讯作者: 海利力?库尔班. E-mail: hkurban@163.com
作者简介:阿卜杜许库尔?牙合甫 (1981－)，男，硕士，助理研究员，研究方向是种子生理及植物栽培生理研究． E-mail： Komulxj@yahoo.com
基金资助:
2012年自治区公益性科研院所基本科研业务经费资助项目：濒危药用植物阜康阿魏资源的调查、收集及保存

Regulation of Alkaloid in Ferula Seed Dormancy

ABDUXUKUR Yakup¹, HALIL Kurban²

1． Institute of Economic Forestry Research, Xinjiang Academy of Forestry Sciences, Urumqi 830063, China;
2． College of Forestry and Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China

Received:2012-08-26 Revised:2012-11-26 Online:2013-09-15 Published:2013-09-22

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为揭示濒危植物阜康阿魏（Ferula fukanensis Shen.）种子休眠的成因，对阜康阿魏种子分别采用流水漂洗处理后的发芽试验、蒸馏水和NaHCO₃溶液浸提液以及化学法提取生物碱中的小麦种子萌发实验，并观察蒸馏水和NaHCO₃浸泡阿魏种子对介质pH的影响等，综合分析阿魏种子休眠的成因。流水浸洗处理5 d和20 d的发芽率分别为77%和85%以上，较对照（47%）有显著提高(P<0.01)；NaHCO₃浸提液对小麦种子萌发的抑制作用显著高于蒸馏水浸提液；用pH较高的NaHCO3溶液和蒸馏水浸泡阿魏种子，该介质的pH向8.0～8.3收敛；化学法提取生物碱对小麦发芽有显著抑制作用，当10 g·（100mL）^-1时抑制率达80%。实验结果显示，除脱落酸（ABA）外，还有生物碱在阿魏种子休眠的调控中起重要作用。

关键词: 阜康阿魏（Ferula fukanensis Shen.）')">阜康阿魏（Ferula fukanensis Shen.）, 种子休眠, 生物碱, 萌发抑制物

Abstract: Some germination inhibiting substances in the endangered herb Ferula fukanensis seeds were studied so as to find the factors affecting seed dormancy based on the following methods: ① Water treatment with germination test; ② Bioassay of water and NaHCO₃ leaching liquor; ③ Observation of the effect of Ferula fukanensis seeds on the pH values of the extracting media of distilled water and NaHCO₃. The results show that the germination percentages of seeds immersed in water for 5 and 20 days were as high as 77% and 85% respectively, and they were significantly higher than 47% of the contrast seeds (P<0.01). The inhibitory effect of NaHCO₃ extract on the germination of wheat seeds was significantly higher than that of H₂O (P<0.05). The pH values of the distilled water and NaHCO₃ extracts converged in a range of 8.0～8.3 after the Ferula seeds were immersed. The inhibitory effect of alkaloid extract on the germination of wheat seeds was significant, and the inhibition rate could be as high as 80% at a concentration level of 10 g·（100L）^-1. It could be concluded that the effect of alkaloid on the regulation of seed dormancy of Ferula fukanensis was very important except abscisic acid.

Key words:

Ferula fukanensis Shen, seed dormancy, alkaloid, germination inhibitor

阿卜杜许库尔?牙合甫，海利力?库尔班. 生物碱参与阿魏种子休眠的调控[J]. 干旱区研究, 2013, 30(5): 882-886.

ABDUXUKUR Yakup, HALIL Kurban. Regulation of Alkaloid in Ferula Seed Dormancy[J]. , 2013, 30(5): 882-886.

参考文献

秦雪梅，沈观冕．新疆阿魏属及其相近属间的分类学研究〔J〕．干旱区研究，1990，7（4）：23-33．
惠红，刘启新，刘梦华.中国伞形科前胡族阿魏亚族血清分类及亲缘关系的研究〔J〕．植物分类学报，2003，41(4)：369-380．
沈观冕．中草药丛书：阿魏〔M〕．乌鲁木齐：新疆人民出版社，1986．
阿卜杜许库尔·牙合甫，玉山江·依布拉音，海利力·库尔班．阜康阿魏种子打破休眠及其人工种植研究〔J〕．新疆农业科学，2008，45(3)：494-497.
谭秀芳，李晓瑾，杜翠玲，等．药用植物阿魏概况及研究进展〔J〕．中国民族民间医药杂志，2006，78(1)：12-15．
王文捷，尚玉红，敬松.新疆阿魏资源的保护及其开发〔J〕．中医中药,2005，12(13)：45-46．
Bewley J D．Seed germination and dormancy〔J〕．The Plant Cell，1997，9：1 055-1 066．
Romagosa I，Prada D，Moralejo M A，et al．Dormancy，ABA content and sensitivity of a barley mutant to ABA application during seed development and after ripening〔J〕．Journal of Experimental Botany，2001，52：1 499-1 506．
王蕾，海利力·库尔班，萨拉木·艾尼瓦尔．野生杏种子对外源赤霉素的生理响应〔J〕．干旱区研究，2009，26(5)：708-713．
Le PageDegivry M T，Garello G．In Situ abscisic acid synthesis:A requirement for induction of embryo dormancy in Helianthus annuus〔J〕．Plant Physiology，1992，98：1 386-1 390．
Bethke P C，Libourel I G L，Aoyama N，et al．The arabidopsis aleurone layer responds to nitric oxide,gibberellin,and abscisic acid and is sufficient and necessary for seed dormancy〔J〕．Plant Physiology，2007,143：1 173-1 188．
Schmitz N,Abrams S R,Kermode A R．Changes in ABA turnover and sensitivity that accompany dormancy termination of yellowcedar (Chamaecyparis nootkatensis)seeds〔J〕．Journal of Experimental Botany，2002，53：89-101．
Berry T A，Bewley J D．A role for the surrounding fruit tissues in preventing the germination of tomato(Lycopersicon esculentum)seeds:A consideration of the osmotic environment and abscisic acid〔J〕．Plant Physiology,1992,100:951-957．
李利，张希明，何兴元．胡杨种子萌发和胚根生长对环境因子变化的响应〔J〕．干旱区研究，2005，22（4）：520-525．
刘艳芳，魏岩，严成．异子蓬二型种子的萌发与休眠特性及其生态适应〔J〕．生态学报，2009，29(12):6 609-6 614．
于晓，严成，魏岩．盐生草(Halogeton glomeratus)二型种子的休眠与萌发〔J〕．生态学报，2009，29(3):1 616-1 621．
Wronka M，Lewak S，Tykarska T，et al．Localization of phenolic compounds in the root cap columella of six-year-old dry seed of Brassicanapus during imbibition and germiantion〔J〕．Annals of Botany，1994，74：321-326．
Kaworu Ebana，Wengui Yan，Dilday R H，et al．Variation in the allelopathic effect of rice with water soluble extracts〔J〕．Agronomy Journal，2001，93：12-16．
Qasem J R．Allelopathic potential of white top and syrian sage on vegetable crops〔J〕．Agronomy Journal，2001，93：64-71．
Roth C M，Shroyer J P，Paulsen G M．Allelopathy of sorghum on wheat under several tillage systems〔J〕．Agronomy Journal，2000，92：855-860．
ChungShih Tang，ChiuChung Young.Collection and Identification of allelopathic compounds from the undisturbed root system of bigalta limpograss(Hemarthria altissima)〔J〕.Plant Physiology，1982，69：155-160．
陈晓亚．植物次生代谢研究〔J〕．世界科技研究与发展，2006，28(5)：1-4．
Dhima K V，Vasilakoglou I B，Eleftherohorinos I G，et al．Allelopathic potential of winter cereals and their cover crop mulch effect on grass weed suppression and corn development〔J〕．Crop Science，2006，46：345-352．
Rimando A M，Olofsdotter M，Dayan F E，et al．Searching for rice allelochemicals: An example of bioassayguided isolation〔J〕．Agronomy Journal，2001，93：16-20．
Kuras M，Wronka M S，Lynch J M，et al．Cytochemical localization of phenolic compounds in columella cells of the root cap in seeds of Brassica napuschanges in the localization of phenolic compounds during germination〔J〕．Annals of Botany，1999，84：135-143．
Weeks W W，Bush L P．Alkaloid changes in tobacco seeds during germination〔J〕．Plant Physiology,1974，53：73-75．
Chengwei Ren，Kermode A R．An increase in pectin methyl esterase activity accompanies dormancy breakage and germination of yellow cedar seeds 〔J〕．Plant Physiology，2000，124：231-242．
王蕾，海利力·库尔班，侯冬花，等．GA₃与层积综合处理对打破不同类型野生杏种子休眠的效应〔J〕．新疆农业科学，2008，45(5)：835-838．
赵鑫，马小军，凯撒·苏来曼，等．低温解除阜康阿魏种子休眠和内源激素变化规律的研究〔J〕．中草药，2006，37(2)：268-270．
张秋菊，黄宏，朱珠，等．返魂草种子内源萌发抑制物质的生理活性〔J〕．湖南农业大学学报：自然科学版，2005，31(6)：609-611．
Debeaujon I，Koornneef M．Gibberellin requirement for arabidopsis seed germination is determined both by testa characteristics and embryonic abscisic acid〔J〕．Plant Physiology，2000，122：415-424．
李宏博,刘延吉,李天来.GA₃对辽东木楤种子解除体眠中信号分子变化的影响〔J〕.园艺学报,2006,33(2):414-410.
Roth C M，Shroyer J P，Paulsen G M．Allelopathy of sorghum on wheat under several tillage systems〔J〕．Agronomy Journal，2000，92：855-860．