多种遥感分类方法提取冰川边界探讨——以喀纳斯河源地区为例

干旱区研究 ›› 2013, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (2): 372-377.

多种遥感分类方法提取冰川边界探讨——以喀纳斯河源地区为例

怀保娟¹, 李忠勤^1,2, 孙美平¹, 夏明营¹

1.西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,甘肃兰州 730070;
2.中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室／中国科学院天山冰川站,甘肃兰州 730000

收稿日期:2012-04-18 修回日期:2012-09-10 发布日期:2013-03-29
作者简介:怀保娟(1988-),女,硕士研究生,主要从事冰川变化方面的研究. E-mail: huaibaojuan@126.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金创新研究群体项目(41121001);国家重点实验室自主项目(SKLCS-ZZ-2012-01-01)

Discussion on RS Methods for Glacier Outline Detection—A Case Study in Headwaters of the Kanas River

HUAI Bao-juan¹, LI Zhong-qin^1,2, SUN Mei-ping¹, XIA Ming-ying¹

1. College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences &Tianshan Glaciological Station, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China

Received:2012-04-18 Revised:2012-09-10 Online:2013-03-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 综合目视解译和计算机自动解译的方法,将冰川解译的传统方法及面向对象图像特征提取方法应用于喀纳斯河源的冰川边界提取中,并对提取出的单条冰川逐一分析。研究发现:面向对象的图像特征提取方法能较好的提取具有特征类型的地物;目视解译的方法虽然费时费力,但适用于任何类型冰川的提取;传统比值阈值、雪盖指数法、监督分类与非监督分类在无表碛覆盖,积雪覆盖较少的纯冰区效果明显。对阿尔泰山喀纳斯河源区的40条冰川进行解译,对多种方法进行比较,得到喀纳斯河源地区精确的冰川边界。结果表明:喀纳斯河源区冰川总体上呈退缩趋势,1959—2011年冰川面积共减少了23.43 km²。

关键词: 冰川解译, 面向对象特征提取, 传统方法, 冰川边界, 喀纳斯河源

Abstract: In this paper, the manual digitization method and computer automatic interpretation method were integrated, and the traditional method of glacier interpretation and the object-oriented image feature extraction method were applied to extract the glacier boundary in headwaters of the Kanas River. Through the application, it was found that: (1) Human interpretation could be the best tool for extracting high-level information from satellite imagery for many glacier types; (2) Classification methods based on threshold band ratios or normalized band differences like NDSI were proven to be accurate and as the robust methods for interpreting clean glacier ice, but they may lead to errors for the glaciers covered by surface moraine; (3) The object-oriented method could be used to extract the surface features, and its accuracy was high in extracting glacier information, especially the disturbance of cloud and snow cover could be restricted; (4) The classification method of automatic threshold decision tree needs to be further studied; (5) An interpretation of 40 glaciers in headwaters of the Kanas River was carried out, the various methods were compared, and the values of precise glacial boundary were derived. The results showed that the glaciers in headwaters of the Kanas River were holistically in a retreat trend, and their area was reduced about 23.43 km² during the period of 1959-2011.

Key words: glacier interpretation, object-oriented image feature extraction method, traditional method, glacier boundary, headwaters of Kanas River

怀保娟, 李忠勤, 孙美平, 夏明营. 多种遥感分类方法提取冰川边界探讨——以喀纳斯河源地区为例[J]. 干旱区研究, 2013, 30(2): 372-377.

HUAI Bao-juan, LI Zhong-qin, SUN Mei-ping, XIA Ming-ying. Discussion on RS Methods for Glacier Outline Detection—A Case Study in Headwaters of the Kanas River[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2013, 30(2): 372-377.

参考文献

[1] IPCC.Climate change 2001:The scientific basis[C]//Houghton J T,Ding Y,Griggs D J,et al.Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report.Cambridge,UK:Cambridge University Press,2001.
[2] Paul F,Kaab A,Maisch M,et al.The new remote sensing derived Swiss glacier inventory:Methods[J]. Annuals of Glaciology,2000,34:355-361.
[3] Haeberli W,Cihlar J,Barry R G.Glacier monitoring within the global climate observing system[J]. Annals of Glaciology,2000,31(1):241-246.
[4] 颜东海,李忠勤,高闻宇,等.祁连山北大河流域冰川变化遥感监测[J]. 干旱区研究,2012,29(2):245-250.
[Yan Donghai,Li Zhongqin,Gao Wenyu,et al.RS-based monitoring of glacier change in the Beidahe River Basin in the Qilian Mountains[J]. Arid Zone Research,2012,29(2):245-250.]
[5] Bolch T.Climate change and glacier retreat in northern Tianshan (Kazakhstan/Kyrgyzstan) using remote sensing data[J]. Global and Planetary Change,2007,56:1-12.
[6] Hall D K,Bayr K J,Bindschadler R,et al.Changes in the Pasterze Glacier,Austria,as measured from the ground and space[C]//The 58th Eastern Snow Conference.Ottawa:Ontaria,2001:193-197.
[7] Sidjak R W,Wheate R D.Glacier mapping of the illecillewaet ice field,British Columbia,Canada,using landsat TM and digital elevation data[J]. International Journal of Remote Sensing,1999,20(2):273-284.
[8] 叶庆华,陈锋,姚檀栋.近30 a来喜马拉雅山脉西段纳木那尼峰地区冰川变化的遥感监测研究[J]. 遥感学报,2007,11(4):511-520.
[Ye Qinghua,Chen Feng,Yao Tandong.Tupu of glacier vari-ations in the Mt.Naimona Nyi region,Western Himalayas,in the last three decades[J]. Journal of Remote Sensing,2007,11(4):511-520.]
[9] 张明华.基于ETM⁺影像的西藏南迦巴瓦峰地区海洋性冰川信息提取[J]. 冰川冻土,2005,27(2):226-232.
[Zhang Minhua.Extracting the temperate glacier information in the Mount Namjagbarwa,Tibet Autonomous Region,based on ETM⁺ Image[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2005,27(2):226-232.]
[10] Serandre I,Barbero R,Rabagliati R,et al.Glacier retreat in the 1980s in the Breonie,Aurine and Pustersi group(easter Apls,Italy) in landsat TM[J]. Hydrological Science Journal des Sciences Hydrologiques,1999,44(2):279-296.
[11] 聂勇,张镱锂,刘林山,等.近30 a珠穆朗玛峰国家自然保护区冰川变化的遥感监测[J]. 地理学报,2010,65(1):13-28.
[Nie Yong,Zhang Yili,Liu Linshan,et al.Monitoring glacier change based on remote sensing in the Mt.Qomolangma National Nature Preserve,1976-2006[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica,2010,65(1):13-28.]
[12] Lougeay R.Detection of buried glacial and ground ice with thermal infrared remote sensing[C]//Advanced Concepts and Techniques in the Study of Snow and Ice Resource.Washington,DC:National Academy of Sciences,1974:487-494.
[13] Jacobs J D,Simms E L,Simms A.Recession of the southern part of Barnes Ice Cap,Baffin Island,Canada,between 1961 and 1993,determined from digital mapping of landsat TM[J]. Journal of Glaciology,1997,43:98-102.
[14] Bayer K J,Hall D K,Kovalick W M.Observations on glaciers in the eastern Austrain Alps using satellite data[J]. International Journal of Remote Sensing,1994,15(9):1 733-1 742.
[15] Aniya M,Sato H,Naruse R,et al.The use of satellite and airborne imagery to inventory outlet glaciers of the southern patagonian ice field,south America[J]. Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing,1996,62(12):1 361-1 369.
[16] 李震,孙文新,曾群柱.综合RS与GIS方法提取青藏高原冰川变化信息:以布喀塔格峰为例[J]. 地理学报,1999,54(3):263-268.
[Li Zhen,Sun Wenxin,Zeng Qunzhu.Deriving glacier change information on the Xinzang(Tibetan)Plateau by integrating RS and GIS techniques[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica,1999,54(3):263-268.]
[17] 宋波,何元庆,庞洪喜,等.基于遥感和GIS的我国季风海洋型冰川区冰碛物覆盖型冰川边界的自动识别[J]. 冰川冻土,2007,29(3):456-462.
[Song Bo,He Yuanqing,Pang Hongxi,et al.Identifying automatically the debris-covered glaciers in China’s monsoonal temperate glacier regions based on remote sensing and GIS[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2007,29(3):456-462.]
[18] 刘潮海.中国冰川目录(Ⅱ)阿尔泰山区[M]. 兰州:中国科学院兰州冰川冻土研究所,1982:1-17.
[Liu Chaohai.Glacier List of ChinaⅡ.Altay Mountains[M]. Lanzhou:Institute of Glaciology and Cryopeclogy,Chinese Academy of Sciences,1982:1-17.]
[19] 王立伦,刘潮海,康兴成,等.我国阿尔泰山现代冰川的基本特征:以哈拉斯冰川为例[J]. 冰川冻土,1983,5(4):27-38.
[Wang Lilun,Liu Chaohai,Kang Xingcheng,et al.Fundamental features of modern glaciers in the Altay Shan of China[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,1983,5(4):27-38.]
[20] Hall D K,Bayr K,Schfner W,et al.Consideration of the errors inherent in mapping historical glacier positions in Austria from ground and space (1893-2001)[J]. Remote Sensing of Environment,2003,86:566-577.
[21] Silverio W,Jaquet J M.Glacial cover mapping (1987-1996) of the Cordillera Blanca (Peru) using satellite imagery[J]. Remote Sensing of Environment,2005,95(3):342-350.
[22] Paul F.Comparison of TsM-derived glacier areas with higher resolution data sets[C]//Paul F.Proceedings Earsel Workshop on Remote Sensing of land Ice and Snow.Bern:European Association of Remote-sensing Laboratories Special Interest Group Land Ice and Snow,2002.
[23] 张世强,卢健,刘时银,等.用高光谱图像提取青藏高原喀喇昆仑山区现代冰川边界[J]. 武汉大学学报:信息科学版,2001,26(5):435-440.
[Zhang Shiqiang,Lu Jian,Liu Shiyin,et al.Deriving glacier border information on Qinghai Tibet by TM high spectrum image[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2001,26(5):435-440.]
[24] 韦玉春,汤国安,杨昕,等.遥感数字图像处理教程[M]. 北京:科学出版社,2007.
[Wei Yuchun,Tang Guo’an,Yang Xin,et al.Remote Sensing Digital Image Processing Tutorial[M]. Beijing:Science Press,2007.]