天山云杉倒木的持水特性

干旱区研究 ›› 2013, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (2): 248-255.

天山云杉倒木的持水特性

马现永¹，刘华¹，臧润国²，白志强³，刘贵峰⁴，郭仲军³，韩燕梁³

1.安徽农业大学林学与园林学院，安徽合肥230036； 2.中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所，北京100091；3.新疆林业科学院生态研究所，新疆乌鲁木齐830000； 4.内蒙古民族大学农学院，内蒙古通辽028000

收稿日期:2012-04-24 修回日期:2012-07-22 出版日期:2013-03-15 发布日期:2013-03-29
作者简介:马现永（1987-），男，硕士研究生，主要从事植物生态学研究. E-mail： maxianyong1987@126.com
基金资助:
国家林业局林业公益行业科研专项(200904010)

Water Retention Capacity of Picea schrenkiana var. tianschanica Fallen Trees in the Tianshan Mountains, Northwest China

MA Xian-yong¹，LIU Hua¹，ZANG Run-guo²，BAI Zhi-qiang³，LIU Gui-feng⁴， GUO Zhong-jun³，HAN Yan-liang³

1. College of Forestry & Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui,China; 2. Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; 3. Institute of Ecology, Xinjiang Academy of Forestry, Urumqi 830000, Xinjiang,China; 4. College of Agriculture,  Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, Inner Mongolia, China

Received:2012-04-24 Revised:2012-07-22 Published:2013-03-15 Online:2013-03-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 倒木在森林生态系统尤其是山地森林生态系统的水文功能和水土保育功能等方面具有重要的作用。为了解天山云杉（Picea schrenkiana var. tianschanica）倒木的持水特性和其对天山林区水文功能的影响，沿天山山脉由西至东选取跨越9个经度的5个地区（昭苏、新源、呼图壁、天池和奇台）分别进行取样，运用浸泡模拟法测定天山云杉倒木的吸水过程和持水能力。结果表明：① 天山云杉倒木的吸水过程在5个地区随着浸泡时间的推移，其持水量、持水率和持水能力均随着腐解等级的升高而增加。在浸泡吸水过程中天山云杉倒木的持水量(Q)随着浸泡时间(t)的增加而增加，两者的关系可用Q=aln t+b来拟合。② 浸泡过程中天山云杉倒木吸水速率(V)随着浸泡时间(t)的增加而呈下降的趋势，两者的关系可用V=c t^-d来拟合。③ 天山云杉倒木持水能力(Q′)与腐解等级(x)的关系可用方程Q′=ex²+fx+g来拟合。天山林区5个地区的天山云杉倒木的持水特性存在明显的差异，该成果为进一步开展天山林区水文功能性研究奠定了基础。

关键词: 天山云杉（Picea schrenkiana var. tianschanica, 倒木, 持水量, 持水率, 吸水速率, 天山山脉

Abstract: Fallen tree has an important role in forest ecosystem, especially in hydrology of mountainous forest ecosystem with water and soil conservation functions. The samples of fallen trees of Picea schrenkiana var. tianschanica (Rupr.) Chen et Fu were collected from 5 areas (Zhaosu, Xinyuan, Hutubi, Tianchi and Qitai) across nine longitudes in the forest region in the Tianshan Mountains so as to understand the water retention capacity and its hydrological function in forest in the Tianshan Mountains. These samples were treated with soaking simulation. The results showed that, in the soaking process, the water retention capacity, specific retention and water retention capability of the P. schrenkiana fallen trees at 5 sampling sites were all increased with the increase of soaking time. The relationship between water retention capacity (Q) and soaking time ([WTBX]t[WTBZ]) could be fitted by =aln t+b. But the water absorbing rate was decreased with the increase of soaking time from the decomposition level I to V. The relationship between water absorbing rate (V) and soaking time (t)could be fitted by V=c t^-d. The relationship between water retention capacity(Q′)and decomposition level (x could be fitted by Q′=ex²+fx+g. So there was a significant difference of water retention capacity among P. schrenkiana fallen trees at 5 sampling sites. The study results offered the foundational data for further study on hydrological functions in forest in the Tianshan Mountains.

Key words: Picea schrenkiana var. tianschanica, fallen tree, water retention capacity, specific retention, water absorbing rate, Tianshan Mountains

马现永 , 刘华 , 臧润国, 白志强, 刘贵峰, 郭仲军, 韩燕梁. 天山云杉倒木的持水特性[J]. 干旱区研究, 2013, 30(2): 248-255.

MA Xian-Yong- , LIU Hua- , ZANG Run-Guo, BAI Zhi-Qiang, LIU Gui-Feng, GUO Zhong-Jun, HAN Yan-Liang. Water Retention Capacity of Picea schrenkiana var. tianschanica Fallen Trees in the Tianshan Mountains, Northwest China[J]. , 2013, 30(2): 248-255.

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