干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2012, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (6): 1077-1082.

• 环境过程 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同砾石盖度戈壁床面动力学特征研究

张克存，张伟民，屈建军，安志山，谭立海   

  1. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所，敦煌戈壁荒漠生态与环境研究站，沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室，甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2011-11-14 修回日期:2011-11-16 出版日期:2012-11-15 发布日期:2012-11-19
  • 作者简介:张克存（1978-），男，甘肃民勤人，理学博士，副研究员，主要从事风沙工程与风沙灾害研究. E-mail: kecunzh@lzb.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:

    中国科学院重要方向性项目（KZCX2-EW-313）；国家自然科学基金（41071009）

Study on Dynamic Properties of Gobi Surface with  Different Gravel Coverage

ZHANG Ke-cun, ZHANG Wei-min, QU Jian-jun, AN Zhi-shan, TAN Li-hai   

  1. Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Dunhuang Station for Gobi and Desert Ecology and Environment Research,  Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences,  Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
  • Received:2011-11-14 Revised:2011-11-16 Online:2012-11-15 Published:2012-11-19

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摘要： 利用野外车载移动式风洞，对莫高窟顶不同砾石盖度戈壁床面的动力学特征进行了实地模拟实验。结果表明：砾石盖度直接决定戈壁床面的粗糙元数量和分布状况，进而影响近地表风速廓线、摩阻速度、床面粗糙度和剪切力；随着风洞进口指示风速的增加，摩阻速度呈线性递增，而动力学粗糙度在波动中呈下降趋势；相同高度，随着砾石盖度的增加，近地表风速逐渐降低，而摩阻速度、动力学粗糙度和剪切力呈线性增加；当床面盖度增加至35%时，动力学粗糙度达到0.30 cm，摩阻速度相应提高到0.93 cm/s，床面剪切力增加至1.11 N/cm。

关键词: 戈壁砾, 石盖度, 风速廓线, 摩阻速度, 莫高窟

Abstract: In order to understand the dynamic properties of Gobi surface, some wind tunnel experiments were conducted on the Gobi surface with different gravel coverage on the top of the Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang, Gansu Province, China. The study results showed that gravel coverage of Gobi surface affected directly the amount and distribution of roughness elements, such as the wind speed profile, friction velocity, roughness degree and shear stress. Friction velocity was increased in a linear way with the increase of wind speed in the wind tunnel, but the dynamic roughness was decreased in a fluctuation way. Wind speed near Gobi surface was gradually decreased with the increase of gravel coverage, but the friction velocity, dynamic roughness and shear stress were increased in a linear way. When the gravel coverage was increased to 35%, the dynamic roughness, friction velocity and shear stress on the Gobi surface were 0.30 cm, 0.93 cm/s and 1.11 N/cm respectively. The results in this paper can be used to guide the design of sandcontrol structures both in our study area and other Gobi regions where it suffers from windblown sand.

Key words: Gobi, gravel coverage, wind speed profile, friction velocity, Mogao Grottoes