系统发育和植物功能性状对新疆木本植物开花物候变化的影响

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2024.03.12

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为揭示系统发育和植物功能性状对新疆木本植物开花物候的影响，以新疆乌鲁木齐、伊宁和喀什三地典型植物园或公园的木本植物为研究对象，利用系统发育信号值和系统发育广义最小二乘模型（Phylogenetic Generalized Least Squares, PGLS），探究开花物候分布特征、谱系保守性以及功能性状的贡献率。结果表明：（1）新疆木本植物开花期集中在3月31日至4月20日，持续时间为（13.03±0.38） d。乔木、肉质果、彩色花和风媒植物分别比灌木、非肉质果、非彩色花和虫媒植物的开花早。（2）亲缘关系越近的物种开花物候特征越相似，系统发育信号值Pagel’s λ为0.67~0.74。（3）果实类型、花色和传粉方式与开花物候最相关，解释度为17.4%~31.6%。本研究证明系统发育和植物功能性状均能影响新疆木本植物开花物候，研究结果对阐明干旱区生物多样性维持机制和虫植关系具有重要意义。

关键词: 开花物候, 系统发育, 植物功能性状, 花色, 果实类型, 木本植物

Abstract:

This study aimed to determine whether systematic development and functional traits affect the changes in flowering phenology across woody plants in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Thus, in this study, a botanical garden or park in Urumqi, Yining, and Kashgar was selected as the research object, and then the flowering phenological traits of 120 woody species as well as plant functional traits were observed and collected. The systematic development signals and a generalized least squares model of systematic development were used to study phenological conservation and the impact of plant functional traits on flowering phenology. Results show that the flowering phenology of woody plants was mainly concentrated from March 31 to April 20, with a flowering duration of (13.03±0.38) d. Trees, fleshy fruit, colored flowers, and wind-borne plants have earlier flowering phenology than shrubs, non-fleshy fruit, non-colored flowers, and insect-borne plants, respectively. (2) The phylogenetic signals (Pagel’s λ) of three flowering phenological traits ranged from 0.67 to 0.74, indicating that phylogenetic development constrained the flowering phenology of woody species. (3) Fruit type, flower color, and pollination mode were the main functional traits driving changes in flowering phenology, with a contribution rate of 17.4%-31.6%. The results of this study indicate that systematic development and functional traits affect the changes in flowering phenology across woody plants, which has deepened the phenological theory and is of great importance for elucidating the mechanism of biodiversity maintenance and insect-plant relationships in arid areas.

Key words: flowering phenology, phylogeny, plant functional traits, flower color, fruit type, woody plant

廖珂, 孙楠, 李赛强, 孙喜庆, 罗旭, 杨晓东. 系统发育和植物功能性状对新疆木本植物开花物候变化的影响[J]. 干旱区研究, 2024, 41(3): 480-489.

LIAO Ke, SUN Nan, LI Saiqiang, SUN Xiqing, LUO Xu, YANG Xiaodong. Phylogeny and functional traits affect the changes in flowering phenology across woody species in Xinjiang[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(3): 480-489.

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属	初始时间			败花时间			开花持续时间/d
属	乌鲁木齐	伊宁	喀什	乌鲁木齐	伊宁	喀什	乌鲁木齐	伊宁	喀什
榆属	04-05±2.6	-	03-14±3.3	04-14±3.0	-	03-21±4.5	8.8±0.6	-	7.0±5.7
杨属	04-11±3.3	03-11±0.7	03-20±5.5	04-25±2.8	03-25±0.4	03-27±7.0	14.0±3.9	14.0±0.3	11.5±1.7
栎属	05-09±1.2	03-08±0.5	-	05-25±2.0	03-22±0.4	-	16.0±2.2	14.0±0.2	-
刺槐属	05-06±3.7	04-23±0.5	04-29±5.3	05-21±5.2	05-11±1.0	05-08±7.1	13.0±3.0	18.5±1.5	9.0±2.6
盐肤木属	06-10±0.7	05-17±0.3	-	06-25±0.3	06-08±0.4	-	15.0±0.3	22.0±0.6	-
丁香属	05-07±6.7	04-04±0.5	04-05±1.0	05-24±7.1	04-19±1.0	04-13±2.0	16.0±2.0	15.5±0.5	8.0±1.0
蔷薇属	05-03±2.9	-	05-16±12.7	05-19±4.9	-	05-28±11.0	14.0±2.2	-	12.0±1.7
珍珠梅属	-	06-04±0.3	-	-	06-18±0.5	-	-	13.0±0.3	-
玉兰属	04-16±2.5	03-27±2.7	-	04-25±4.5	04-04±2.0	-	9.0±2.0	8.0±1.5	-
卫矛属	05-26±5.0	04-25±0.0	05-03±3.3	06-14±1.5	06-07±0.3	05-13±3.4	20.0±6.5	13.0±0.3	9.0±2.8
连翘属	04-12±5.7	03-27±0.5	03-28±0.7	05-01±8.7	04-22±0.4	04-09±4.2	20.0±4.9	26.0±0.8	21.0±5.4
小檗属	05-01±2.0	04-20±0.5	04-04±0.5	05-21±6.0	05-03±0.0	04-14±6.0	19.0±4.0	15.0±1.0	10.5±0.5

开花物候特征	Pagel’s λ	P-value
始花时间	0.73	<0.01
败花时间	0.74	<0.01
开花持续时间	0.67	<0.01