琵琶柴和沙拐枣茎的木质部结构的差异性及空间变异特征

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2023.12.12

干旱区研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (12): 1996-2006.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2023.12.12 cstr: 32277.14.j.azr.2023.12.12

琵琶柴和沙拐枣茎的木质部结构的差异性及空间变异特征

沈辉^1,²(),张静^1,³,彭兰^1,⁴,陶冶^1,³,臧永新^1,³,张元明^1,³()

1.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室，干旱区生态安全与可持续发展重点实验室，新疆乌鲁木齐 830011
2.中国科学院大学，北京 100093
3.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所新疆植物基因资源保护与利用重点实验室，新疆乌鲁木齐 830011
4.新疆大学生态与环境学院，新疆乌鲁木齐 830011

收稿日期:2023-04-06 修回日期:2023-06-21 出版日期:2023-12-15 发布日期:2023-12-18
作者简介:沈辉(1997-)，女，硕士研究生，主要从事荒漠植物生理生态研究. E-mail: shenhui20@mails.ucas.ac.an
基金资助:
中国科学院“西部之光-西部青年学者”项目(2021-XBQNXZ-006);国家自然科学基金联合重点基金(U2003214);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金重点项目(2022D01D083)

Differences and spatial variation in the stem xylem structural traits of Reaumuria soongarica and Calligonum mongolicum

SHEN Hui^1,²(),ZHANG Jing^1,³,PENG Lan^1,⁴,TAO Ye^1,³,ZANG Yongxin^1,³,ZHANG Yuanming^1,³()

1. State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China
2. University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100093, China
3. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Plant Gene Resources, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China
4. College of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China

Received:2023-04-06 Revised:2023-06-21 Published:2023-12-15 Online:2023-12-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

木质部结构性状是植物适应不同水分条件的基础，也是植物响应环境条件变化的核心属性之一。以西北荒漠区的典型灌木琵琶柴(Reaumuria soongarica)和沙拐枣(Calligonum mongolicum)为研究对象，对其木质部结构和水力功能性状进行对比分析，以期了解同一生境中不同物种的差异性或相似性，以及同一物种在不同环境条件下的木质部结构性状的可塑性。结果表明：（1）琵琶柴和沙拐枣的木质部结构性状存在显著差异，沙拐枣平均导管直径、脆弱性指数显著高于琵琶柴，而导管密度、导管分组指数则相反。（2）琵琶柴和沙拐枣的木质部结构性状随气候变化的规律具有差异，随年均降水量和干旱指数的增加，沙拐枣的平均导管直径与导管厚跨比显著下降，而琵琶柴的平均导管直径与导管厚跨比与之无关，仅理论导水率与年均降水量和干旱指数呈显著正相关关系。（3）琵琶柴木质部导水系统存在效率与安全的权衡，而沙拐枣中没有表现出效率和安全的权衡关系。（4）性状网络分析结果表明，琵琶柴和沙拐枣的中心性状均为平均导管直径，平均导管直径的变化介导了性状网络的变化。琵琶柴和沙拐枣的木质部结构性状存在显著差异，相对于沙拐枣，琵琶柴水分利用策略更加保守。

关键词: 优势灌木, 琵琶柴, 沙拐枣, 木质部结构, 植物性状网络, 气候因素, 生态适应策略

Abstract:

Xylem structure traits are the basis for plant adaptation to different water conditions and are core plant traits in response to changes in environmental conditions. The typical shrubs Reaumuria soongarica and Calligonum mongolicum in the northwest desert region were selected as the subjects for comparison between stem xylem structure and functional traits to understand the differences or similarities of different species in the same habitat and the xylem structure plasticity of the same species under different environmental conditions. The results showed that (1) Xylem structure traits of R. soongarica and C. mongolicum were significantly different. The mean vessel diameter and vulnerability index of C. mongolicum were significantly higher than those of R. soongarica, whereas the opposite was true for vessel density and vessel grouping index. (2) The patterns of xylem structure traits in response to climate change differed between R. soongarica and C. mongolicum. The mean vessel diameter and vessel thickness-to-span ratio of C. mongolicum significantly reduced with increasing mean annual precipitation and aridity index, whereas that of R. soongarica were unrelated, and only the theoretical hydraulic conductivity had a significant positive correlation with the mean annual precipitation and aridity index. (3) There was a trade-off between efficiency and safety in the xylem hydraulic conductivity system of R. soongarica, whereas none was observed in C. mongolicum. (4) The trait network analysis results indicated that the central traits of both R. soongarica and C. mongolicum were mean vessel diameters. Changes in mean vessel diameter mediate changes in the trait network. Xylem structure traits between R. soongarica and C. mongolicum were significantly different, with R. soongarica having a more conservative water use strategy than C. mongolicum.

Key words: tapical shrub, Reaumuria soongarica, Calligonum mongolicum, xylem structure, plant trait networks, climatic factors, ecological adaptation strategy

沈辉, 张静, 彭兰, 陶冶, 臧永新, 张元明. 琵琶柴和沙拐枣茎的木质部结构的差异性及空间变异特征[J]. 干旱区研究, 2023, 40(12): 1996-2006.

SHEN Hui, ZHANG Jing, PENG Lan, TAO Ye, ZANG Yongxin, ZHANG Yuanming. Differences and spatial variation in the stem xylem structural traits of Reaumuria soongarica and Calligonum mongolicum[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2023, 40(12): 1996-2006.

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行政区	样地	经度	纬度	年均温/℃	年均降水量/mm	干旱指数	琵琶柴样本量/n	沙拐枣样本量/n
阿拉善右旗，内蒙古阿拉善盟	A	100.12°E	40.13°N	8.34	98.00	0.05	5	5
阿拉善右旗，内蒙古阿拉善盟	B	103.34°E	39.73°N	8.86	93.00	0.05	5	4
额济纳旗，内蒙古阿拉善盟	C	98.15°E	42.00°N	5.84	67.00	0.04	5	4
额济纳旗，内蒙古阿拉善盟	D	99.15°E	41.91°N	7.46	54.00	0.03	7	5
额济纳旗，内蒙古阿拉善盟	E	100.44°E	41.85°N	8.62	40.00	0.02	3	4

性状	缩写	单位
导水面积百分比	CA	%
导管密度	VD	no?mm^-2
导管成分指数	S	10⁶ mm⁴
平均导管直径	D	μm
水力直径	D_h	μm
贡献95%导水率的导管直径	D₉₅	μm
导管分组指数	V_g
导管壁厚度	t	μm
导管厚跨比	(t/b)²
木材密度	WD	g?cm^-3
理论导水率	K_th	kg?m^?1?MPa^?1?s^?1
Carlquist脆弱性指数	VI	mm?m^-2

性状	琵琶柴		沙拐枣
	D_w	D	D_w	D
CA	2.01	2	2.27	2
D	2.79	3	2.51	3
V_g	0.71	0	1.47	0
WD	1.58	1	1.18	0
(t/b)²	0.85	0	0.97	0
K_th	2.58	4	2.42	2
VI	2.25	2	1.52	1
总网络	12.76	6	12.35	4

琵琶柴和沙拐枣茎的木质部结构的差异性及空间变异特征

Differences and spatial variation in the stem xylem structural traits of Reaumuria soongarica and Calligonum mongolicum

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