内蒙古巴彦淖尔市冰雹云移动路径及其特征

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2022.04.06

干旱区研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 1047-1055.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2022.04.06

内蒙古巴彦淖尔市冰雹云移动路径及其特征

于水燕^1,^2,^3,⁴(),毕力格^2,^3,⁴(),苏立娟^2,^3,⁴,刘继东⁵,史金丽^2,^3,⁴,衣娜娜^2,^3,⁴,樊茹霞^2,^3,⁴,许志丽^2,^3,⁴

1.南京信息工程大学,江苏南京 210044
2.中国气象局云雾物理环境重点实验室,北京 100081
3.内蒙古自治区气象科学研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特 010051
4.内蒙古自治区人工影响天气重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特 010051
5.巴彦淖尔市气象局,内蒙古巴彦淖尔 015006

收稿日期:2021-11-11 修回日期:2022-03-23 出版日期:2022-07-15 发布日期:2022-09-26
通讯作者: 毕力格
作者简介:于水燕（1989-）,女,工程师,主要从事人工影响天气研究. E-mail: 330579259@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金重点项目(42030604);西北区域人工影响天气能力建设项目(ZQC-R18217/RYSY201906);中国气象局创新发展专项(CXFZ2022J033);内蒙古气象局科技创新项目(nmqxkjcx202205);中国气象局云雾物理环境重点开放实验室开放课题(2020Z00705);内蒙古自然科学基金面上项目(2021MS04026)

Movement paths and characteristics of hail clouds in Bayannur, Inner Mongolia

YU Shuiyan^1,^2,^3,⁴(),BI Lige^2,^3,⁴(),SU Lijuan^2,^3,⁴,LIU Jidong⁵,SHI Jinli^2,^3,⁴,YI Na’na^2,^3,⁴,FAN Ruxia^2,^3,⁴,XU Zhili^2,^3,⁴

1. Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, China
2. Key Laboratory for Cloud Physics of China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China
3. Meteorological Science Institute of Inner Mongolia, Hohhot 010051, Inner Mongolia, China
4. Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Weather Modification, Hohhot 010051, Inner Mongolia, China
5. Bayannur Meteorological Bureau, Bayannur 015006, Inner Mongolia, China

Received:2021-11-11 Revised:2022-03-23 Online:2022-07-15 Published:2022-09-26
Contact: Lige BI

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用内蒙古西部巴彦淖尔市2009—2019年67个地面防雹作业点人工记录及临河站新一代天气雷达资料,统计分析了该地区冰雹云移动路径及其特征。结果表明：（1）近11 a巴彦淖尔市冰雹云的移动路径主要为西北路径、西南路径和偏西路径。西北路径冰雹云的发生频率最高（46.70%）,且其成熟阶段的移动距离最长（23.86 km）,持续时间也较长（40.25 min）。（2）夏季（6—8月）要重点关注冰雹灾害影响,其中7—8月冰雹云在较短时间（14.09 min、17.00 min）及较短移动距离(5.49 km、8.48 km)内就可以发展,在成熟阶段缓慢移动、持续地影响云系覆盖区域,是冰雹云致灾性最强的2个月。（3）冰雹云形成集中在13:00—15:00,而降雹主要发生在14:00—17:00。（4）巴彦淖尔市冰雹云降雹机制主要以水汽条件和动力条件为主,可达79.44%。动力条件降雹以西北路径为主（68.57%）,水汽条件降雹以西北、西南及偏西路径为主（96.00%）。从近11 a巴彦淖尔市冰雹云的移动路径特征可以看出,该地区夏季西北路径的冰雹云灾害性最强。

关键词: 冰雹云, 移动路径, 降雹, 内蒙古西部

Abstract:

Bayannur is an important agricultural and animal husbandry production area. The ecological environment in this area is highly sensitive. In addition, hail frequently occurs in this area. This paper used the manual records of 67 ground anti-hail operation sites in Bayannur, western Inner Mongolia, from 2009 to 2019 and the weather radar data of Linhe Station to statistically analyze the movement paths and characteristics of hail clouds in this area. Results showed that the moving paths of hail clouds in Bayannur in the past 11 years were primarily northwest, southwest, and west. The occurrence frequency of hail cloud in the northwest route was the highest (46.70%), and its moving distance during the heavy hailstorm phase was the longest (23.86 km). Moreover, the duration of the heavy hailstorm was longer (40.25 min). In summer (June-August), the impact of hail disasters should be paid attention to. The hail cloud in July and August can develop in a short time (14.09 and 17.00 min) and a short moving distance (5.49 km and 8.48 km). In the mature stage, the movement slowly and continuously affected the cloud coverage. In this region, hail clouds are devastating during these months. The time period with the highest initial frequency of hail cloud source points was concentrated between 13:00 and 15:00, whereas hail primarily occurred between 14:00 and 17:00. The hail cloud and hail in Bayannur are primarily due to water vapor and dynamic hail, which can reach 79.44%. Under dynamic conditions, hail is primarily due to the northwest paths (68.57%), and under water vapor conditions, hail is primarily due to the northwest paths, southwest paths, and west paths (96.00%). The characteristics of the movement paths of the hail clouds in Bayannur in the past 11 years showed that the hail clouds along the northwest paths in summer were the most disastrous.

Key words: hail cloud, movement paths, hail, western Inner Mongolia

于水燕,毕力格,苏立娟,刘继东,史金丽,衣娜娜,樊茹霞,许志丽. 内蒙古巴彦淖尔市冰雹云移动路径及其特征[J]. 干旱区研究, 2022, 39(4): 1047-1055.

YU Shuiyan,BI Lige,SU Lijuan,LIU Jidong,SHI Jinli,YI Na’na,FAN Ruxia,XU Zhili. Movement paths and characteristics of hail clouds in Bayannur, Inner Mongolia[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2022, 39(4): 1047-1055.

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冰雹云各阶段影响条件	水汽	动力	热力	无明显特征
发展	12个/11.21%	46个/42.99%	26个/24.30%	23个/21.50%
降雹	50个/46.73%	35个/25.23%	4个/3.74%	18个/24.30%

内蒙古巴彦淖尔市冰雹云移动路径及其特征

Movement paths and characteristics of hail clouds in Bayannur, Inner Mongolia

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	路径
	WN	WS	W	N	EN	总计
5月	3	4	1	-	-	8
6月	20	10	5	-	1	36
7月	12	11	8	3	-	34
8月	12	3	6	1	1	23
9月	3	-	3	-	-	6
5—9月	50	28	23	4	2	107