基于GRACE和GLDAS的西北干旱区地下水资源量可持续性评价

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2022.03.12

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

中国西北干旱区是典型的地下水依赖型生态系统,地下水资源是西北干旱区发展的战略性支撑,实时掌握地下水的动态变化对揭示地下水的变化特征以及区域经济发展具有重要意义。以往基于人工的传统地下水监测研究耗费巨大,难以实现大尺度长时间序列的分析,重力卫星的运用为解决这一问题提供了途径,过往研究尚未对西北干旱区地下水资源量可持续性进行量化评价,为探究近年来西北干旱区地下水资源量可持续性情况,基于GRACE重力卫星和GLDAS数据反演中国西北干旱地区2002—04—2020—09共计200个月的地下水储量变化情况,判断其趋势变化,再计算基于GRACE的地下水干旱指数获取西北干旱区地下水干旱情况,最后进一步将GGDI与可持续性指数相结合,量化地下水可靠性、回弹性、脆弱性,以此评价近年来中国西北干旱区地下水资源量可持续性。结果显示：2002—2020年,西北干旱区地下水储量大幅度减少,地下水干旱程度加深,地下水平均可靠性为0.495,回弹性0.470,脆弱性为0.404,区域的地下水资源量可持续性指数SI为0.28,属于较低的地下水资源量可持续性水平。研究揭示了西北干旱区的地下水资源量可持续性时空分布规律及演变趋势,为区域地下水资源保护和管理提供理论和数据支撑。

关键词: 西北干旱区, 重力卫星, 地下水干旱指数, 地下水资源量, 可持续性

Abstract:

The arid region of Northwest China is a groundwater-dependent ecosystem. Groundwater resources are a strategic support for developing the arid region in Northwest China. It is important to understand the significance of groundwater changes in real time to reveal change characteristics of groundwater and regional economic development. Previously, traditional groundwater monitoring research was artificial and expensive and large-scale and long-term analyses were difficult. Research based on satellite information also lacks quantitative evaluations of groundwater sustainability. To explore recent groundwater sustainability in arid areas of Northwest China, GRACE gravity satellite and GLDAS data were used to invert groundwater storage changes and determine trend changes for 200 months from April 2002 to September 2020 in arid areas of Northwest China. The groundwater drought index, which is based on GRACE, was calculated to obtain the groundwater drought situation in the arid region of Northwest China. Finally, the GGDI was further combined with the sustainability index to quantify the reliability, resilience, and vulnerability of groundwater to evaluate the recent groundwater sustainability in the arid region of Northwest China. Results show that from 2002 to 2020, groundwater reserves were greatly reduced in the arid area of Northwest China, and the drought degree of groundwater has deepened. The average reliability, resilience, and vulnerability of groundwater is 0.495, 0.470, and 0.404, respectively, and the regional groundwater sustainability index (SI) is 0.28, which indicates a low groundwater sustainability level. This study reveals a temporal and spatial distribution and the evolution trend of groundwater sustainability in arid regions of Northwest China, which provides theoretical and supporting data for the protection and management of regional groundwater resources.

Key words: arid region of Northwest China, gravity satellite, groundwater drought index, groundwater resources, sustainability

阮永健,吴秀芹. 基于GRACE和GLDAS的西北干旱区地下水资源量可持续性评价[J]. 干旱区研究, 2022, 39(3): 787-800.

RUAN Yongjian,WU Xiuqin. Evaluation of groundwater resource sustainability based on GRACE and GLDAS in arid region of Northwest China[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2022, 39(3): 787-800.

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可靠性分级	范围	占比/%
低可靠性	0<REL≤0.25	0
较低可靠性	0.25<REL≤0.40	7.27
中可靠性	0.40<REL≤0.60	89.80
高可靠性	0.6<REL≤0.75	2.93
极高可靠性	0.75<REL≤1	0

回弹性分级	范围	占比/%
低回弹性	0<RES≤0.20	0
较低回弹性	0.20<RES≤0.30	0
中回弹性	0.30<RES≤0.50	72.80
高回弹性	0.50<RES≤0.75	27.20
极高回弹性	0.75<RES≤1	0

脆弱性	范围	占比/%
低脆弱性	0<VUL≤0.10	0
较低脆弱性	0.10<VUL≤0.40	53.69
中脆弱性	0.40< VUL≤0.60	42.20
高脆弱性	0.60< VUL≤0.75	4.10
极高脆弱性	0.75< VUL≤1	0

可持续性	范围	占比/%
低可持续性	0<SI≤0.20	7.03
较低可持续性	0.20<SI≤0.30	60.49
中可持续性	0.30<SI≤0.50	32.47
高可持续性	0.50<SI≤0.75	0
极高可持续性	0.75<SI≤1	0

可持续性（SI）	MIC	R
可靠性（Rel）	0.235	0.084
回弹性（Res）	0.437	0.641
脆弱性（Vul）	0.512	-0.748