民勤绿洲边缘阻沙带表层土壤粒度空间分布特征

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2021.05.15

干旱区研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5): 1335-1345.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2021.05.15

民勤绿洲边缘阻沙带表层土壤粒度空间分布特征

赵鹏^1,²(),朱淑娟¹(),段晓峰²,常兆丰²,康才周¹,王方琳²,王昱淇²,高德才³

1. 甘肃省治沙研究所甘肃省荒漠化与风沙灾害防治国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州 730070
2. 甘肃民勤荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,甘肃民勤 733000
3. 古浪县海子滩林场,甘肃古浪 733100

收稿日期:2021-04-02 修回日期:2021-07-01 出版日期:2021-09-15 发布日期:2021-09-24
通讯作者: 朱淑娟
作者简介:赵鹏（1987-）,博士,副研究员,主要从事荒漠化防治研究. E-mail: zhpg1987@sina.com
基金资助:
国家地区科学基金项目(41661064);国家地区科学基金项目(41761051);国家地区科学基金项目(41761006);甘肃省科技计划(19ZD2FH001-1);甘肃省科技计划(20JR5RA094);甘肃省科技计划(20JR5RA091);甘肃省财政防沙治沙项目“微型压沙车在河西走廊风沙源治理中的推广应用”

Spatial distribution characteristics of grain size of surface soil in the sand-resitant belt of Minqin Oasis marginal

ZHAO Peng^1,²(),ZHU Shujuan¹(),DUAN Xiaofeng²,CHANG Zhaofeng²,KANG Caizhou¹,WANG Fanglin²,WANG Yuqi²,GAO Decai³

1. State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Desertification and Aeolian Sand Disaster Combating, Gansu Desert Control Research Institute, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
2. Gansu Minqin National Field Observation & Research Station on Ecosystem of Desert Grassland, Minqin 733000, Gansu, China
3. Gulang County Haizitan Forest Field, Gulang 733100, Gansu, China

Received:2021-04-02 Revised:2021-07-01 Online:2021-09-15 Published:2021-09-24
Contact: Shujuan ZHU

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

土壤粒度是风沙活动的重要表征参数。通过野外调查与室内测试,分析了不同空间分布防风固沙林表层土壤粒度的空间分布特征,旨在评价民勤绿洲边缘阻沙带防风固沙功能。结果表明：（1）坝区梭梭-沙拐枣-沙蒿-沙米固沙林表层土壤粒度组成以细砂、中砂、极细砂为主,分别占33.47%、26.08%、18.18%;泉山区白刺+沙蒿+五星蒿固沙林表层土壤粒度组成以细砂、粉粒和极细砂为主,分别占29.62%、21.17%、18.87%;湖区白刺-芦苇-猪毛菜固沙林表层土壤粒度组成以细砂、粉粒和极细砂为主,分别占36.66%、27.98%、22.83%。（2）平均粒径：坝区（2.55 Φ）>泉山区（3.5 Φ）>湖区（3.94 Φ）,分选性：坝区（1.58 Φ）较差,湖区（2.10 Φ）和泉山区（2.29 Φ）很差。（3）泉山区、湖区表层土壤粒度频率曲线为双峰型,坝区为单峰型,偏度均为极正偏态,峰度表现为很窄。粒度累计分布曲线反映出坝区风沙活动较泉山区、湖区频繁、强烈。阻沙带荒漠植被群落物种组成决定着其防风固沙功能的大小,进而影响其表层土壤的粒度分布特征。建议阻沙带生态防护体系修复时应注重选择固沙能力强的造林树种。

关键词: 阻沙带, 粒度特征, 固沙植被, 防风固沙功能, 民勤绿洲

Abstract:

Soil particle size is an important characteristic parameter of sand drift activity. Through field investigation and indoor test, this paper explored the grain size characteristics of surface soil at the windbreak and sand fixation forest with different spatial distribution, to evaluate the function of the sand barrier belt on the edge of Minqin Oasis. According to the results, the grain size composition in the surface soil of Haloxylon ammodendron-Artemisia desertorum-Agriophyllum squarrosum fixing forest in Baqu was mainly fine sand, medium sand, and very fine sand, which accounts for 33.47%, 26.08%, and 18.18%, respectively. The grain size composition in the surface soil of Nitraria tangutorum-Artemisia desertorum-Bassia dasyphylla fixing forest in Quanshanqu was dominated by fine sand, silt, and very fine sand, which accounts for 29.62%, 21.17%, and 18.87%, respectively. The grain size composition in the surface soil of Nitraria tangutorum-Phragmites australis- Salsola collina fixing forest in Huqu mainly consisted of fine sand, silt, and very fine sand, which accounts for 36.66%, 27.98%, and 22. 83%, respectively. Average particle size, Baqu (2.55 Φ) > Quanshanqu (3.5 Φ) > Huqu (3.94 Φ). Grain size sorting in Baqu (1.58 Φ) was poor, grain size sorting in Quanshanqu (2.29 Φ) and Huqu (2.10 Φ) were also very poor. The frequency curve of grain size in Quanshanqu and Huqu is of double peak type, while that in Baqu is of single peak type. The skewness is extremely positive, and the kurtosis is very narrow. The cumulative distribution curve of grain size shows that the aeolian sand activity in Baqu is more frequent and intense than that in the Quanshanqu and Huqu. The specie composition of the desert vegetation community determines the function of windbreak and sand fixation in the sand-blocking belt and then affects the grain size distribution of the topsoil. It suggested that forestation tree species with strong sand-fixing ability should be selected when the ecological protection system of sand-blocking belt is restored.

Key words: sand-resitant belt, grain size characteristics, fixing vegetation, wind break and sand-fixing function, Minqin Oasis

赵鹏,朱淑娟,段晓峰,常兆丰,康才周,王方琳,王昱淇,高德才. 民勤绿洲边缘阻沙带表层土壤粒度空间分布特征[J]. 干旱区研究, 2021, 38(5): 1335-1345.

ZHAO Peng,ZHU Shujuan,DUAN Xiaofeng,CHANG Zhaofeng,KANG Caizhou,WANG Fanglin,WANG Yuqi,GAO Decai. Spatial distribution characteristics of grain size of surface soil in the sand-resitant belt of Minqin Oasis marginal[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2021, 38(5): 1335-1345.

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区域	样带名称	群丛类型	土壤类型	微地貌
坝区	龙王庙	沙拐枣-沙蒿-沙米	风沙土	半固定沙丘
	宋和	梭梭+沙拐枣-五星蒿	风沙土	半固定沙丘
	沙井子	白刺+梭梭-沙米	风沙土	半固定沙丘
泉山区	勤锋滩	梭梭+白刺-沙蒿	风沙土	灌丛沙堆
	刘家地	柽柳+白刺+红砂	风沙土	灌丛沙堆
	三角城	白刺+红砂-猪毛菜	风沙土	灌丛沙堆
湖区	扶拱	梭梭+白刺-黄花矶松	风沙土	半固定沙丘
	青土湖1	白刺+黑果枸杞-芦苇	湖相沉积物	灌丛沙堆
	青土湖2	白刺+盐爪爪-盐生草	湖相沉积物	灌丛沙堆

区域	黏粒 <0.002 mm	粉粒 0.002~0.05 mm	极细砂 0.05~0.1 mm	细砂 0.1~0.25 mm	中砂 0.25~0.5 mm	粗砂 0.5~1.0 mm	极粗砂 1.0~2.0 mm
坝区	2.16±1.6	12.46±12.54	18.18±8.42	33.47±9.86	26.08±12.73	7.42±7.00	0.23±0.72
泉山区	4.25±3.39	21.17±18.76	18.87±9.97	29.62±14.49	17.51±10.00	7.56±10.18	1.02±2.76
湖区	4.16±3.89	27.98±25.08	22.83±8.93	36.66±21.01	8.30±7.33	0.07±0.22	0±0

区域	参数				沉积环境
区域	Y1	Y2	Y3	Y4	沉积环境
龙王庙	3.302961	208.8232	-18.1516	11.30424	河流沉积
宋和	3.243269	206.9248	-18.3915	11.75447	河流沉积
治沙站	3.038087	244.6358	-22.7737	11.05928	河流沉积
勤锋滩	11.27018	458.5144	-50.0603	10.0111	河流沉积
刘家地	2.346301	245.7138	-21.5277	12.59295	河流沉积
三角城	4.086655	254.084	-22.8754	13.29691	河流沉积
扶拱	1.710394	350.2823	-33.6047	11.38533	河流沉积
青土湖1	1.645367	295.3614	-26.7169	12.95729	河流沉积
青土湖2	-1.27886	185.949	-13.8453	12.04726	河流沉积

民勤绿洲边缘阻沙带表层土壤粒度空间分布特征

Spatial distribution characteristics of grain size of surface soil in the sand-resitant belt of Minqin Oasis marginal

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