高立式尼龙网沙障防风阻沙特征及其合理配置

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2021.03.30

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

高立式沙障在线性工程风沙灾害防护中被广泛应用,布置模式直接影响工程防风阻沙效率和成本效益。在乌兰布和沙漠穿沙公路迎风侧,选择上疏下密式尼龙阻沙网分别设计4种高度单行、4种高度3种间距双行沙障来模拟风沙灾害防治观测场,使用阶梯式集沙仪与HOBO风速采集仪对不同风速下防风阻沙效率参数进行观测。结果表明：（1）低风速（<12 m·s^-1）背景下,高立式尼龙阻沙网沙障障后有效防护距离单行为3H（相同沙障高度的距离）以内,双行为12H。（2）单行高立式尼龙阻沙网沙障的障后3H沙障截留率平均为85.14%,障后5H平均为91.23%;双行障后3H平均为93.53%。（3）在中低风能地区线性工程防护中配置尼龙阻沙网时,不建议使用0.6 m及以下高度沙障;8 m·s^-1风速及以下可配置1 m高度单行尼龙阻沙网沙障;8~12 m·s^-1风速可配置间距8H、高度0.8~1.0 m双行尼龙阻沙网;在大风速区（>12 m·s^-1）选择拓宽间距至10H、高度1.2 m尼龙网沙障多条带复式配置。此模式可优化治沙工程设计,完善线路工程沙害防治体系。

关键词: 高立式沙障, 防风效益, 阻沙截留率, 配置优化

Abstract:

High vertical sand barriers are widely used to protect against wind and sand disasters in linear engineering. The layout mode directly affects the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of wind and sand prevention in engineering. On the windward side of Ulan Buh Desert Sand Crossing Highway from Dengkou to Ustai, Inner Mongolia, we have designed two types of sand barriers, namely, single sand barrier with four heights and double sand barrier with four heights and three intervals, which are used to simulate the observation field of wind-sand disaster prevention and control. The ladder sand and HOBO wind speed collectors were used to observe the wind-proof and sand-blocking efficiency parameters under dust storms with different wind speeds. Results showed that under the background of low wind speed (<12 m·s^-1), the effective protection distance behind the high vertical nylon sand barrier net is within 3H for single behavior and 12H for double behavior (Where “H” represents the distance of the same height of sand barrier). The average interception rate of single-row high vertical nylon sand barrier is 85.14% at 3H after barrier and 91.23% at 5H after barrier. The average sand barrier rejection rate of the double-row high vertical nylon sand barrier net is 93.53% at 3H after the barrier. It is not recommended to use sand barriers with a height of 0.6 m or less when nylon sand barriers are deployed in linear engineering protection in the medium and low wind energy areas. A Single-row nylon sand barrier with a height of 1 m can be configured at a wind speed of 8 m·s ^-1 and below. A wind speed of 8-12 m·s^-1 can be configured with double-row nylon sand screens with an interval of 8H and a height of 0.8-1.0 m. In the high wind speed area (>12 m·s^-1), the multi-strip compound configuration of nylon mesh sand barrier with widening distance to 10 H and a height of 1.2 m was selected. This model can optimize the design of sand control projects and improve the sand disaster prevention system of line engineering.

Key words: high vertical sand barrier, windproof benefit, sand blocking rejection rate, configuration optimization

席成,左合君,王海兵,闫敏,贾光普. 高立式尼龙网沙障防风阻沙特征及其合理配置[J]. 干旱区研究, 2021, 38(3): 882-891.

XI Cheng,ZUO Hejun,WANG Haibing,YAN Min,JIA Guangpu. Wind-proof and sand-blocking characteristics of high vertical nylon mesh sand barrier and its rational allocation[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2021, 38(3): 882-891.

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沙障高度/m	沙障材料费/(元·m^-1)	沙障固定桩柱费/(元·根^-1)	人工费/(元·m^-1)	铺设长度/km	成本投入/10⁴元
0.60	6.00	5.00	6.00	1	1.45
0.80	8.00	7.15	6.00	1	1.76
1.00	10.00	8.50	6.00	1	2.03
1.20	12.00	10.00	6.00	1	2.30