干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2015, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (5): 1007-1016.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2015.05.25

• 其他 • 上一篇    下一篇

气象要素对敦煌鸣沙山月牙泉风景区风沙输移的影响

周焕1,2, 田禾3, 屈建军1, 牛清河1, 张祎2,4   

  1. 1.中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所敦煌戈壁荒漠研究站/甘肃省风沙灾害防治工程技术研究中心/中国科学院沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000;
    2.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;
    3.史蒂文斯理工学院,美国 新泽西州 07450;
    4.中国科学院大气物理研究所 大气科学和地球流体力学数值模拟国家重点实验室,北京 100029
  • 收稿日期:2014-05-28 修回日期:2014-08-12 出版日期:2015-09-15 发布日期:2015-10-14
  • 作者简介:周焕(1988-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事风沙物理及气候变化研究.E-mail:racoons@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAC08B07);国家自然科学基金项目(41271023,41201003)

Meteorological Effects on the Sand Transport of Mingsha Mountain and Crescent Moon Spring Scenic Area in Dunhuang

ZHOU Huan1,2, TIAN He3, QU Jian-jun1, NIU Qing-he1, ZHANG Yi2,4   

  1. 1. Dunhuang Gobi and Desert Ecology and Environment Research Station/Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China;
    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    3. Stevens Institute of Technology, New Jersey 07450, USA;
    4. State Key Laboratory Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
  • Received:2014-05-28 Revised:2014-08-12 Published:2015-09-15 Online:2015-10-14

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摘要： 利用月牙泉及其周边架设的自动气象站观测资料,结合WRF-LES模式模拟月牙泉内山谷风,对该区域风场和输沙进行分析。结果表明:① 敦煌地区盛行西北风、东北风和南风,3种风向相互抵消,使得敦煌的沙丘格局基本稳定。② 月牙泉的风沙运动春夏季较强而秋冬季较弱,外围区域较中心活跃,在流经月牙泉的过程中,起沙风作用时间损失30%~40%,由于能量的分散及地形的阻碍,风向偏折且风速降低,挟沙风中的一部分沙粒被留在了泉内。③ WRF-LES模拟结果显示,月牙泉和它南北两侧的鸣沙山间可产生日夜相反的山谷风,水体和沙漠的比热容差异导致边界层形成高低压的交错分布,从而驱使空气流动形成山谷风。白天的温差更大,谷风的影响大于山风。山谷风的平均风速约为0.767 m·s-1,由月牙泉吹向南北两侧。此外,山谷风能加强泉内挟沙风的风速,使总输沙量增加了8.48%。

关键词: 风场, 输沙量, WRF-LES模式, 山谷风, 月牙泉风景区, 敦煌

Abstract: Using the data recorded by the automatically meteorological stations around the Crescent Moon Spring, combined with the result of simulating the mountain and valley breezes by WRF-LES model to analyze the wind field and sand transport in this area. The results show that: ① There are three main wind streams in Dunhuang every year. They are northwest wind, northeast wind and south wind. The influence of these three kinds of wind balance out each other, keeping the sand dunes in this area stable;② The sand movement is stronger in spring and summer and more intense in the peripheral region of Crescent Moon Spring. When the winds pass through the Spring, the acting time of sand driving wind will reduce percent 30 to percent 40.The terrain changes the direction of sand driving wind and in the same time the wind energy disperses, the velocity of the wind slows down and the sands in the wind will be left in the valley;③ The simulation results prove that: With only influence of the solar radiation, the wind direction will reverse between day and night in the research field. It’s a phenomenon of down-valley wind. The specific heat capacities of water and sand are different, which makes the temperature of lake and dunes different from each other either in day and night. It forces high pressure and low pressure to appear in the boundary layer. The high pressure and low pressure cause the down-valley wind finally. Between the down-valley wind and mountain wind, the mount wind has larger contribution to the sand transportation. Average velocity of the mountain wind is 0.767 m·s-1, from the lake to both north and south. With the influence of this kind of mountain wind, the total sand discharge from the lake to outside increase percent 8.48.

Key words: wind field, sand transport, WRF-LES model, mountain and valley breezes, Crescent Moon Spring scenic spot, Dunhuang