不同起沙阈值判定方案在塔克拉玛干沙漠的适用性对比研究
收稿日期: 2021-12-01
修回日期: 2021-12-27
网络出版日期: 2022-09-26
基金资助
国家自然科学基金(41905009);国家自然科学基金(41875019)
Comparative study of the applicability of emission threshold determining method in the Taklimakan Desert
Received date: 2021-12-01
Revised date: 2021-12-27
Online published: 2022-09-26
风沙运动是区域与全球变化研究中不可忽视的地表过程。起沙阈值(临界起沙风速、临界起沙摩擦速度)作为判定风沙运动是否发生的关键参数,是风沙运动研究的核心问题。利用塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地野外同步观测的风沙运动和气象资料,结合数理模型计算,定量评估了Stout、Kurosaki and Mikami(KM)、李晓岚和张宏升(LZ)、Marticorena and Bergametti(MB)、Shao and Lu(SL)5种起沙阈值判定方案的适用性,并利用最优方案确定了研究区新的起沙阈值。结果表明:(1) 5种方案均存在不确定性,KM方案确定的起沙阈值一定程度上高估了起沙时长与沙尘水平通量,其他4种方案则相反,但KM方案最优。(2) 塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地2 m高度临界起沙风速变化范围为4.0~6.0 m·s-1,临界起沙摩擦速度变化范围为0.24~0.36 m·s-1;起沙阈值具有季节性差异,符合夏季>秋季>春季>冬季的变化规律。
杨兴华,马明杰,周成龙,何清 . 不同起沙阈值判定方案在塔克拉玛干沙漠的适用性对比研究[J]. 干旱区研究, 2022 , 39(4) : 1006 -1016 . DOI: 10.13866/j.azr.2022.04.02
Aeolian sand movement is a crucial surface process in the study of regional and global changes. As a key parameter in determining wind-sand movement occurrence, the emission threshold (threshold velocity, threshold friction velocity) is a core issue in the study of wind-sand movement. Taking the Taklimakan Desert as the target area, using synchronously observed wind-sand movement and meteorological data in the field, combined with mathematical model calculations, the applicability of five emission threshold judgment schemes from Stout, Kurosaki and Mikami (KM), Li Xiaolan and Zhang Hongsheng (LZ), Marticorena and Bergametti (MB), and Shao and Lu (SL) was quantitatively assessed, and the optimal scheme was used to determine the new emission threshold of the Taklimakan Desert. The following results are presented. (1) Uncertainties exist in all five schemes. The emission threshold determined by the KM scheme overestimates the dust emission time and the dust level flux to a certain extent. The four other schemes are opposite, but the KM scheme is the best. (2) The 2 m threshold velocity in the hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert varies from 4.0 m·s-1 to 6.0 m·s-1, and the threshold friction velocity varies from 0.24 m·s-1 to 0.36 m·s-1. Moreover, the emission threshold has seasonal differences, which is consistent with summer > autumn > spring > winter.
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