干旱区研究

干旱区研究 >

2022 , Vol. 39 >Issue 3: 829 - 840

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13866/j.azr.2022.03.16

水资源及其利用

博尔塔拉河上游河谷地区水化学特征及水质评价

展开
  • 1.新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052
    2.新疆水文水资源工程技术研究中心,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052
    3.新疆水利工程安全与水灾害防治重点实验室,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052
    4.南宁师范大学地理科学与规划学院,广西 南宁 530100
    5.中水北方勘测设计研究有限责任公司,天津 300222
丁启振（1998-）,男,硕士研究生,主要从事干旱区地下水水质演化的学习与研究. E-mail: 1650655141@qq.com

收稿日期: 2021-09-30

  修回日期: 2021-11-17

  网络出版日期: 2022-05-30

基金资助

新疆维吾尔自治区寒旱区水资源与生态水利工程研究中心（院士专家工作站）新疆水专项(2020.C-005)

收起

An assessment of groundwater, surface water, and hydrochemical characteristics in the upper valley of the Bortala River

Expand
  • 1. College of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China
    2. Xinjiang Hydrology and Water Resources Engineering Research Center, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China
    3. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Safety and Water Disaster Prevention, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China
    4. School of Geography and Planning, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530100, Guangxi, China
    5. Zhongshui North Engineering Design & Research Co. Ltd., Tianjin 300222, China

Received date: 2021-09-30

  Revised date: 2021-11-17

  Online published: 2022-05-30

Fold

摘要

为了解博尔塔拉河上游河谷地区地下水和地表水水化学特征及水质状况,以36组水样数据为基础,运用Piper图、相关性分析、Gibbs图和离子比值等方法研究水化学特征及其影响因素,采用熵权-贝叶斯水质评价模型、Wilcox图和USSL图等方法进行水质评价。水化学分析结果显示：（1） 研究区机井水、泉水和河水均为弱碱性淡水,总硬度（TH）、溶解性总固体（TDS）、F-和 N O 3 -整体表现为：机井水>泉水>河水, H C O 3 -和Ca2+分别为优势阴、阳离子,博尔塔拉河上游水中各组分含量沿程呈增加趋势;（2） 区内机井水和泉水水化学类型以HCO3-Ca型为主,河水水化学类型主要为HCO3-Ca型和HCO3·SO4-Ca·Na型,水化学特征主要受控于岩石风化作用,水化学组分主要来源碳酸盐岩风化,且存在蒸发盐岩溶解,同时也受阳离子交换作用和人类活动的影响。饮用水水质评价显示,82.6%的机井水和100%的泉水适合饮用或基本适合饮用,或进行适当处理后适合饮用;不适合饮用的水样点主要受Fe、F-和 N O 3 -等超标严重影响;对于灌溉水质评价而言,区内河水、机井水和泉水水质较好均适合灌溉。

关键词： 水化学特征; 水质评价; 熵权-贝叶斯水质模型; 博尔塔拉河上游河谷地区; 新疆

本文引用格式

丁启振,雷米,周金龙,张杰,徐东升 . 博尔塔拉河上游河谷地区水化学特征及水质评价[J]. 干旱区研究, 2022 , 39(3) : 829 -840 . DOI: 10.13866/j.azr.2022.03.16

Abstract

This paper examined the hydrochemical characteristics and water quality status of groundwater and surface water in the upper valley of the Bortala River, Xinjiang. The examination was based on 36 groups of water sample data. Hydrochemical characteristics and their influencing factors were studied by Piper diagram, correlation analyses, Gibbs diagram and ion ratio, and the entropy-Bayesian water quality evaluation model, Wilcox and USSL diagrams were used to evaluate water quality. Results of hydrochemical analyses showed the following: (1) the mechanical well water, spring water, and river water in the study area were weakly alkaline fresh water, and total hardness (TH), F-, N O 3 - and total dissolved solids were aligned as mechanical well water > spring water > river water, whereas H C O 3 - and Ca2+ were the dominant anions and cations, respectively. Contents of each component in the upper Bortala River increased along the river. (2) The main hydrochemical types of mechanical well water and spring water in the area were the HCO3-Ca type, and main hydrochemical types of river water were the HCO3-Ca and HCO3·SO4-Ca·Na types. Hydrochemical characteristics were controlled mainly by rock weathering, and hydrochemical components were mainly from carbonate rock weathering. Evaporation rock dissolution also occurred and it was affected by cation exchange and human activities. The water quality evaluation of drinking water showed that 82.6% of mechanical well water and 100% of spring water were suitable for drinking, basically suitable for drinking, or suitable for drinking after proper treatment. Water sample points that were not suitable for drinking were affected mainly by excessive Fe, F-, and N O 3 -. River water, well water, and spring water were suitable for the evaluation of irrigation water quality.

Key words： hydrochemical characteristics; water quality assessment; entropy-Bayesian water quality model; upper valley of Bortala River; Xinjiang

参考文献

[1] 张飞, 陈道胜. 世界水日、 中国水周主题下的水资源发展回顾与展望[J]. 水利水电科技进展, 2020, 40(4): 77-86, 94.
[1] [ Zhang Fei, Chen Daosheng. Review and outlook on water resources development based on China water week and world water day[J]. Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources, 2020, 40(4): 77-86, 94. ]
[2] 夏军, 朱一中. 水资源安全的度量: 水资源承载力的研究与挑战[J]. 自然资源学报, 2002, 17(3): 262-269.
[2] [ Xia Jun, Zhu Yizhong. The measurement of water resources security: A study and challenge on water resources carrying capacity[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 2002, 17(3): 262-269. ]
[3] 杨森, 李义连, 姜凤成, 等. 高店子幅水化学特征及水质评价[J]. 地质科技情报, 2019, 38(2): 226-234.
[3] [ Yang Sen, Li Yilian, Jiang Fengcheng, et al. Hydrochemical characteristics and water quality assessment of surface water and groundwater in Gaodianzi map-area[J]. Geological Science and Technology Information, 2019, 38(2): 226-234. ]
[4] Ma L, Abuduwaili J, Li Y, et al. Hydrochemical characteristics and water quality assessment for the upper reaches of Syr Darya River in Aral Sea Basin, Central Asia[J]. Water, 2019, 11(9): 1893.
[5] Malik N, Malik A, Bishnoi S. Assessment of groundwater hydro-geochemistry, quality, and human health risk in arid area of India using chemometric approach[J]. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 2021, 14(15): 1-25.
[6] 张景涛, 史浙明, 王广才, 等. 柴达木盆地大柴旦地区地下水水化学特征及演化规律[J]. 地学前缘, 2021, 28(4): 194-205.
[6] [ Zhang Jingtao, Shi Zheming, Wang Guangcai, et al. Hydrochemical characteristics and evolution of groundwater in the Dachaidan area, Qaidam Basin[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2021, 28(4): 194-205. ]
[7] 周嘉欣, 丁永建, 曾国雄, 等. 疏勒河上游地表水水化学主离子特征及其控制因素[J]. 环境科学, 2014, 35(9): 3315-3324.
[7] [ Zhou Jiaxin, Ding Yongjian, Zeng Guoxiong, et al. Major ion chemistry of surface water in the upper reach of Shule River Basin and the possible controls[J]. Environmental Science, 2014, 35(9): 3315-3324. ]
[8] 朱世丹, 张飞, 张海威, 等. 新疆艾比湖主要入湖河流同位素及水化学特征的季节变化[J]. 湖泊科学, 2018, 30(6): 1707-1721.
[8] [ Zhu Shidan, Zhang Fei, Zhang Haiwei, et al. Seasonal variation of the isotope and hydrochemical characteristics of the main lake rivers in Lake Ebinur, Xinjiang[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences, 2018, 30(6): 1707-1721. ]
[9] 张杰, 周金龙, 曾妍妍, 等. 新疆叶尔羌河流域地表水水化学特征及控制因素[J]. 环境科学, 2021, 42(4): 1706-1713.
[9] [ Zhang Jie, Zhou Jinlong, Zeng Yanyan, et al. Hydrochemical characteristic and their controlling factors in the Yarkant River Basin of Xinjiang[J]. Environmental Science, 2021, 42(4): 1706-1713. ]
[10] 张月, 张飞, 王娟, 等. 近40年艾比湖湿地自然保护区生态干扰度时空动态及景观格局变化[J]. 生态学报, 2017, 37(21): 7082-7097.
[10] [ Zhang Yue, Zhang Fei, Wang Juan, et al. Analysis of the temporal and spatial dynamics of landscape patterns and hemeroby index of the Ebinur Lake Wetland Nature Reserve, Xinjiang, over the last 40 years[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2017, 37(21): 7082-7097. ]
[11] 雷米, 周金龙, 张杰, 等. 新疆博尔塔拉河流域平原区地表水与地下水水化学特征及转化关系[J]. 环境科学, 2022, 43(4): 1873-1884.
[11] [ Lei Mi, Zhou Jinlong, Zhang Jie, et al. Hydrochemical characteristics and transformation relationship of surface water and groundwater in the plain area of Bortala River Basin, Xinjiang[J]. Environmental Science, 2022, 43(4): 1873-1884. ]
[12] 郝帅, 李发东, 李艳红, 等. 基于氢氧稳定同位素的艾比湖流域地表水与地下水转化关系[J]. 水土保持学报, 2021, 35(4): 172-177, 185.
[12] [ Hao Shuai, Li Fadong, Li Yanhong, et al. Transformation between surface water and groundwater in Ebinur Lake Basin based on hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2021, 35(4): 172-177, 185. ]
[13] 玛尔胡拜·牙生, 马龙, 吉力力·阿不都外力, 等. 新疆天山西段夏季河流水化学特征及其影响因素研究[J]. 干旱区研究, 2021, 38(3): 600-609.
[13] [ Yaerhubai Yasheng, Ma Long, Jilili Abuduwaili, et al. Hydrochemical characteristics and their influence on rivers in the western part of the Tianshan Mountains, Xinjiang, China[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2021, 38(3): 600-609. ]
[14] 袁振辉, 李秋华, 何应, 等. 基于贝叶斯方法的贵州高原百花水库水体营养盐变化及评价(2014-2018年)[J]. 湖泊科学, 2019, 31(6): 1623-1636.
[14] [ Yuan Zhenhui, Li Qiuhua, He Ying, et al. Variation and evaluation of nutrients in Baihua Reservoir in Guizhou Plateau based on Bayesian method, 2014-2018[J]. Lake Sciences, 2019, 31(6): 1623-1636. ]
[15] 刘鑫, 向伟, 司炳成. 渭河和泾河流域浅层地下水水化学特征和控制因素[J]. 环境科学, 2021, 42(6): 2817-2825.
[15] [ Liu Xin, Xiang Wei, Si Bingcheng. Hydrochemistry and its controlling factors and water quality assessment of shallow groundwater in the Weihe and Jinghe River catchments[J]. Environmental Science, 2021, 42(6): 2817-2825. ]
[16] 秦国强. 温泉县城西地下水水源地可行性评价[J]. 地下水, 2020, 42(6): 35-36, 49.
[16] [ Qin Guoqiang. Feasibility evaluation of west groundwater source in Wenquan County[J]. Ground Water, 2020, 42(6): 35-36, 49. ]
[17] 王彩华, 陶澄宇, 邹英, 等. 新疆维吾尔自治区环境地质图集[M]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆维吾尔自治区地质环境监测院, 2005.
[17] [ Wang Caihua, Tao Chengyu, Zou Ying, et al. Environmental geology atlas of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region[M]. Urumqi: Geological Environment Monitoring Institute of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 2005. ]
[18] 巴雅尔, 郭家盛, 卢少勇, 等. 博斯腾湖大湖湖区近20年生态健康状况评价[J]. 中国环境科学, 2013, 33(3): 503-507.
[18] [ Ba Yaer, Guo Jiasheng, Lu Shaoyong, et al. Assessing ecological health of open water region from Bostenhu Lake during last 20 years[J]. China Environmental Science, 2013, 33(3): 503-507. ]
[19] 杨咪, 屈文岗, 钱会. 基于熵权的贝叶斯模型及其在水质评价中的应用[J]. 灌溉排水学报, 2018, 37(1): 85-90.
[19] [ Yang Mi, Qu Wengang, Qian Hui, et al. Bayesian model based on entropy weight and its application in water quality assessment[J]. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage, 2018, 37(1): 85-90. ]
[20] 宋新山, 邓伟, 章光新, 等. 钠吸附比及其在水体碱化特征评价中的应用[J]. 水利学报, 2000(7): 70-76.
[20] [ Song Xinshan, Deng Wei, Zhang Guangxin, et al. Sodium adsorption ratio and its application to appraisement of alkali characteristics of water[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2000(7): 70-76. ]
[21] 张志强, 张强, 刘超飞, 等. 四川省简阳市地下水水化学特征及灌溉适宜性[J]. 水土保持通报, 2018, 38(4): 67-74.
[21] [ Zhang Zhiqiang, Zhang Qiang, Liu Chaofei, et al. Hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater and it suitability for irrigation in Jianyang City of Sichuan Province[J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2018, 38(4): 67-74. ]
[22] 毛萌, 朱雪芹. 宣化盆地地下水化学特性及灌溉适用性评价[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 2020, 34(7): 142-149.
[22] [ Mao Meng, Zhu Xueqin. Chemical characteristics of groundwater in Xuanhua Basin and assessment of irrigation applicability[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2020, 34(7): 142-149. ]
[23] Sarin M M, Krishnasswami S. Major ion chemistry of the Ganga-Brahamputra river systems, India[J]. Nature, 1984, 312: 538-541.
[24] Fitts C R. Groundwater Science[M]. Amsterdam: Academic Press, 2002.
[25] 余石勇, 刘孟, 赵元艺, 等. 西藏麻米错盐湖大型锂硼矿盆地水化学特征[J/OL]. 地质学报: 1-11[2021-11-10].
[25] Yu Shiyong, Liu Meng, Zhao Yuanyi, et al. Hydrochemical characteristics of large-scale lithium-boron mine basin in the Mami Co Saline Lake, Tibet[J/OL]. Acta Geologica Sinica: 1-11[2021-11-10]. ]
[26] 唐玺雯, 吴锦奎, 薛丽洋, 等. 锡林河流域地表水水化学主离子特征及控制因素[J]. 环境科学, 2014, 35(1): 131-142.
[26] [ Tang Xiwen, Wu Jinkui, Xue Liyang, et al. Major ion chemistry of surface water in the Xilin River Basin and the possible controls[J]. Environmental Science, 2014, 35(1): 131-142. ]
[27] 冯国平, 高宗军, 蔡五田, 等. 豫北山前修武地区地下水水化学特征及水质评价[J]. 长江科学院院报, 2021, 38(1): 27-34.
[27] [ Feng Guoping, Gao Zongjun, Cai Wutian, et al. Hydrochemical characteristics and water quality assessment of groundwater in Xiuwu area of North Henan Province[J]. Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute, 2021, 38(1): 27-34. ]
[28] 任晓辉, 吴玺, 高宗军, 等. 酒泉东盆地地下水化学特征及成因分析[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 2019, 33(10): 109-116.
[28] [ Ren Xiaohui, Wu Xi, Gao Zongjun, et al. Hydrochemical characteristics and formation mechanisms of groundwater in Jiuquan East basin[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2019, 33(10): 109-116. ]
[29] 刘敏, 赵良元, 李青云, 等. 长江源区主要河流水化学特征、主要离子来源[J]. 中国环境科学, 2021, 41(3): 1243-1254.
[29] [ Liu Min, Zhao Liangyuan, Li Qingyun, et al. Hydrochemical characteristics, main ion sources of main rivers in the source region of Yangtze River[J]. China Environmental Science, 2021, 41(3): 1243-1254. ]
[30] 李军, 邹胜章, 赵一, 等. 会仙岩溶湿地地下水主要离子特征及成因分析[J]. 环境科学, 2021, 42(4): 1750-1760.
[30] [ Li Jun, Zou Shengzhang, Zhao Yi, et al. Major ionic characteristics and factors of karst groundwater at Huixian Karst Wetland, China[J]. Environmental Science, 2021, 42(4): 1750-1760. ]
[31] 严宇鹏, 牛凤霞, 刘佳, 等. 雅鲁藏布江上游夏季水化学特征及来源解析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2022, 42(2): 815-825.
[31] [ Yan Yupeng, Niu Fengxia, Liu Jia, et al. Hydrochemical characteristics and sources of the upper Yarlung Zangbo River in summer[J]. China Environmental Science, 2022, 42(2): 815-825. ]
[32] 张艳, 吴勇, 杨军, 等. 阆中市思依镇水化学特征及其成因分析[J]. 环境科学, 2015, 36(9): 3230-3237.
[32] [ Zhang Yan, Wu Yong, Yang Jun, et al. Hydrochemical characteristic and reasoning analysis in Siyi Town, Langzhong City[J]. Environmental Science, 2015, 36(9): 3230-3237. ]
[33] Liu J T, Wang M, Gao Z J, et al. Hydrochemical characteristics and water quality assessment of groundwater in the Yishu River basin[J]. Acta Geophysica, 2020, 68(8): 877-889.
[34] 纪媛媛, 周金龙, 孙英, 等. 新疆昌吉市平原区地下水化学特征及质量评价[J]. 南水北调与水利科技, 2021, 19(3): 551-560.
[34] [ Ji Yuanyuan, Zhou Jinlong, Sun Ying, et al. Groundwater chemical characteristics and quality evaluation for groundwater in plain area of Changji City, Xinjiang[J]. South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology, 2021, 19(3): 551-560. ]
[35] Yang Q, Li Z, Ma H, et al. Identification of the hydrogeochemical processes and assessment of groundwater quality using classic integrated geochemical methods in the southeastern part of Ordos basin, China[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2016, 218(11): 879-888.
[36] 胡漾, 唐金平, 陈友良, 等. 基于PCA与熵权的贝叶斯地下水环境质量评价模型[J]. 节水灌溉, 2018(12): 60-64.
[36] [ Hu Yang, Tang Jinping, Chen Youliang, et al. Bayesian groundwater environmental quality assessment model based on principal component analysis and entropy weight[J]. Water Saving Irrigation, 2018(12): 60-64. ]
[37] 张文琦, 董少刚, 马铭言, 等. 岱海盆地地下水化学特征及成因[J]. 干旱区研究, 2021, 38(6): 1546-1555.
[37] [ Zhang Wenqi, Dong Shaogang, Ma Mingyan, et al. Chemical characteristics sand origin of groundwater in the Daihai Basin[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2021, 38(6): 1546-1555. ]
[38] 冯翠娥, 高存荣, 王俊涛, 等. 内蒙古河套平原浅层高铁高氟地下水分布与成因[J]. 地球学报, 2015, 36(1): 67-76.
[38] [ Feng Cui’e, Gao Cunrong, Wang Juntao, et al. Distribution and causes of high-iron and high-fluoride shallow groundwater in the Hetao Plain of Inner Mongolia[J]. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 2015, 36(1): 67-76. ]
[39] 刘宗潇, 朱成立, 翟亚明, 等. 微咸水灌溉对土壤EC值及冬小麦产量的影响[J]. 灌溉排水学报, 2017, 36(3): 59-64.
[39] [ Liu Zongxiao, Zhu Chengli, Zhai Yaming, et al. Influence of brackish water irrigation on soil EC and yield of winter wheat[J]. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage, 2017, 36(3): 59-64. ]
Options
文章导航

/

〈 〉