降水梯度对青海湖河源湿地温室气体排放日变化的影响
收稿日期: 2021-09-09
修回日期: 2021-11-22
网络出版日期: 2022-05-30
基金资助
第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(2019QZKK0405);国家自然科学基金项目(41661023);青海省科技计划(2020-ZJ-Y06)
Precipitation gradient influence on daily greenhouse gas emission fluxes from a Qinghai Lake wetland
Received date: 2021-09-09
Revised date: 2021-11-22
Online published: 2022-05-30
水分是影响高寒生态系统生长发育的主要限制因素,为探明不同水分条件对湿地温室气体排放特征的影响,选取青海湖流域瓦颜山河源湿地为研究对象,利用不同的水分特征湿地,通过静态箱-气相色谱法,监测了湿地24 h温室气体排放特征,探究了2020年和2021年8月（生长旺季）的CK（对照处理）、+25%（增雨25%处理）、-25%（减雨25%处理）、+75%（增雨75%处理）、-75%（减雨75%处理）条件下,对二氧化碳（CO2）、甲烷（CH4）、氧化亚氮（N2O）日变化趋势。结果表明：（1） CO2排放范围为47.52~123.71 mg·m-2·h-1,CH4通量范围为-8.50~6.74 µg·m-2·h-1,N2O通量范围为-15.82~6.90 µg·m-2·h-1。（2） CK、+25%、+75%处理下CO2、CH4、N2O日变化表现为排放状态;-25%处理下CO2日变化表现为排放状态,CH4、N2O表现为吸收状态;-75%处理下CO2、N2O日变化表现为排放状态,CH4表现为吸收状态,不同降水处理之间存在显著差异（P<0.05）。（3） CO2与0~10 cm土壤温度呈显著正相关（P<0.05）,与土壤水分呈显著负相关（P<0.05）;CH4与土壤温度呈显著负相关（P<0.05）,与土壤水分呈显著负相关（P<0.05）;N2O与土壤温度呈正相关（P<0.05）,而CK处理与土壤水分呈负相关,减雨处理呈正相关（P<0.05）,但无明显规律。（4） 不同水分处理下植物群落发生小幅度演替情况。土壤水分、温度的平衡对该区的温室气体排放通量影响较为显著,应避免失调导致温室气体排放量升高。
杨紫唯,车子涵,刘芙梅,陈克龙 . 降水梯度对青海湖河源湿地温室气体排放日变化的影响[J]. 干旱区研究, 2022 , 39(3) : 754 -766 . DOI: 10.13866/j.azr.2022.03.09
Moisture is the main limiting factor affecting the growth and development of alpine ecosystems. To explore effects of different water conditions on characteristics of greenhouse gas emissions from wetlands, wetlands at the source of the Wayan Mountain in Qinghai Lake Basin were selected. Box-gas chromatography monitored 24-hour greenhouse gas emission characteristics of wetlands and explored effects of control treatment (CK), +25% (precipitation increase 25% treatment), -25% (reduction in the daily change trend of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) under conditions of 25% rain treatment), +75% (precipitation increaseo of 75% treatment), and -75% (precipitation reduction of 75% treatment). The results showed that: (1) CO2 emission ranged from 47.52 to 123.71 mg·m-2·h-1, CH4 flux ranged from -8.50 to 6.74 µg·m-2·h-1, and N2O flux ranged from -15.82 to 6.90 µg·m-2·h-1. (2) The diurnal variation of CO2, CH4 and N2O in CK, +25% and +75% treatments showed emission status, and the diurnal variation of CO2 in -25% treatment showed emission status, while CH4 and N2O showed absorption status; The diurnal changes of CO2 and N2O under -75% treatment were emission state, while CH4 was absorption state, and there were significant differences among different precipitation treatments (P<0.05). (3) CO2 had a significant positive correlation with soil temperature (P<0.05) and a significant negative correlation with soil moisture (P<0.05); There was a significant negative correlation between CH4 and soil temperature (P<0.05) and between CH4 and soil moisture (P<0.05); There was a positive correlation between N2O and soil temperature (P<0.05), while there was a negative correlation between N2O and soil moisture in CK treatment and a positive correlation in rain reduction treatment (P<0.05), and there was no obvious regularity. (4) Small succession of plant communities occurred under different water treatments. The balance of soil moisture and temperature has a significant impact on the greenhouse gas emission flux in this area, and the imbalance should be avoided to lead to the increase of greenhouse gas emissions.
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