干旱区研究

干旱区研究 >

2021 , Vol. 38 >Issue 6: 1760 - 1770

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13866/j.azr.2021.06.28

生态与环境

蒙古高原交通干线风沙（雪）危害防治技术方案

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  • 1.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,国家荒漠-绿洲生态建设工程技术研究中心,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011
    2.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所莫索湾沙漠研究站,新疆 石河子 832000
    3.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
    4.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所塔克拉玛干沙漠研究站,新疆 库尔勒 841000
李生宇（1975-）,男,教授级高工,主要从事风沙地貌与荒漠化防治研究. E-mail: oasis@ms.xjb.ac.cn

收稿日期: 2021-03-04

  修回日期: 2021-04-29

  网络出版日期: 2021-11-29

基金资助

中国科学院A类战略性科技先导专项子课题(XDA20030202);国家重点研发计划政府间国际科技创新合作重点专项(2017YFE0109200);中国科学院关键技术人才项目

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Ecological restoration and control technology schemes for hazards of windblown sand and snow along primary communication lines in the Mongolian Plateau

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  • 1. National Engineering Technology Research Center for Desert-Oasis Ecological Construction, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China
    2. Mosuowan Desert Research Station, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China
    3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
    4. Taklimakan Desert Research Station, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Korla 841000, Xinjiang, China

Received date: 2021-03-04

  Revised date: 2021-04-29

  Online published: 2021-11-29

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摘要

中蒙俄经济走廊建设是“一带一路”的重要组成部分,将丝绸之路经济带与俄罗斯欧亚大铁路、蒙古国“草原之路”对接联通,对推进区域经济合作发挥着重要作用。区域自然灾害防治是陆路交通干线建设与安全运营的重要关键。中蒙俄经济走廊蒙古高原段在气候变化和人类活动共同作用下,草场退化及风蚀荒漠化问题较为普遍,风沙（雪）害防治则是区域交通干线安全保障的重要课题。结合前人相关的试验理论分析,基于多次大范围实地考察,本文综述了当前蒙古高原交通干线的风沙（雪）害的主要类型及发生机制,预判了路面积沙是未来高等级公路的主要沙害类型;针对现有公路和铁路及未来高等级公路的风沙（雪）危害,结合蒙古高原的生态环境特点,制定了相应防治技术方案和建设性建议,可为蒙古高原段交通干线建设提供科技支撑。

关键词： 交通干线; 风沙（雪）危害; 生态修复; 防治方案; 蒙古高原

本文引用格式

李生宇,范敬龙,王海峰,崔珂军,雷加强 . 蒙古高原交通干线风沙（雪）危害防治技术方案[J]. 干旱区研究, 2021 , 38(6) : 1760 -1770 . DOI: 10.13866/j.azr.2021.06.28

Abstract

The construction of the China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor is an important part of the “One Belt and One Road.” initiative and will play an important role in promoting regional economic cooperation by connecting the Silk Road Economic Belt with the Eurasian Railway in Russia and the “Steppe Road” in Mongolia. Construction of land transport arteries is an important part of infrastructure connectivity in the Belt and Road Initiative and regional natural disaster control is key to its construction and safe operation. Under the joint action of climate change and human activities, grassland degradation and wind-erosion desertification are quite common in the Mongolian Plateau. The control of windblown sand and snow damage will be an important topic for regional traffic arteries. Using field studies and data analysis of existing traffic lines across the Mongolian Plateau, this paper systematically reviewed the main types and mechanisms of windblown sand and snow hazards in the Mongolian Plateau traffic arteries and predicted the main types of hazards for future highways. For hazards of windblown sand and snow caused by existing roads, railways, and future high-grade roads, a corresponding prevention and control technical scheme and feasible suggestions were formulated based on ecological environment characteristics of the Mongolian Plateau. This aims to provide scientific and technological support for the construction of traffic trunk lines across the Mongolian Plateau.

Key words： main lines of communication; hazards of windblown sand and snow; ecological restoration; prevention scheme; Mongolian Plateau

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