采用盆栽试验比较分析在同一栽培条件下,不同居群角果碱蓬（Suaeda corniculata）异型性种子植株的生长、光合色素含量、盐分离子含量和N、P、K含量的差异性,以探讨角果碱蓬适应干旱区盐碱环境的生理生态机制。结果表明：（1） 棕色和黑色种子植株在生长、光合色素含量、盐分离子含量和N、P、K含量差异不显著,而新疆和内蒙古角果碱蓬植株在生长发育与生理指标上存在显著性差异。（2） 居群类型显著影响植株地上部干重,而不显著影响根部干重;叶绿素a含量、叶绿素b含量、叶绿素a+b含量和类胡萝卜素含量均未显著受到居群类型和植株类型的影响,表明角果碱蓬不同居群的植株光合功能相似。（3） 新疆与内蒙古居群的角果碱蓬体内Na⁺、K⁺、Ca²⁺、Cl^-、SO₄^2-离子含量和P、K含量均存在显著差异,表明不同居群的角果碱蓬植株维持渗透的能力存在差异。（4） 不同居群角果碱蓬地上部的生长差异,与离子含量和对P、K吸收利用的差异有关,与氮素吸收能力和光合作用无关。因此,不同居群的角果碱蓬异型植株盐分离子吸收系统之间存在一定的协同关系,该协同作用与大量的矿质元素P、K含量密切相关,这些是角果碱蓬适应环境变化的重要生理机制之一。

Growth, photosynthetic pigment content, and mineral nutrient element content of heteromorphic plants of different populations of Suaeda corniculata were measured under similar cultivation conditions to explore the physiological and ecological mechanisms of S. corniculata adapting to saline-alkali environments. The results showed that: (1) growth, photosynthetic pigment content, salt ion content, and N, P, K content of brown and black seeds had similar responses to the same environment, but there were significant differences in growth and physiological and ecological indices for heteromorphic seeds across populations. (2) Aboveground dry weight was significantly affected by population type, while root dry weight was not. The photosynthetic pigment content Cha, Chb, Cha+b, and Car were not significantly affected by population type and plant type, suggesting a similar photosynthetic capacity of plants within the population. (3) There were significant differences in Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺, Cl^-, SO4^2-, P and K contents between Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia populations, indicating that there were differences in osmotic maintenance ability among different populations. (4) The differences in aboveground growth of S. corniculata in different populations were related to ion content and absorption and utilization of P and K, but not to nitrogen absorption capacity and photosynthesis. In conclusion, studies have shown a synergistic relationship between salt ion absorption systems in heteromorphic plants of different populations, which is closely related to mineral element P, K content and may be an important physiological mechanism of S. corniculata adapting to environmental change.