1980—2017年青海省地表温度时空变化特征
收稿日期: 2020-02-27
修回日期: 2020-06-04
网络出版日期: 2021-03-05
基金资助
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0404304);青海省科技厅重大专项项目(2019-SF-A4);青海省自然科学基金项目(2018-ZJ-903);青海省“高端创新人才千人计划”端青人才字[2016]32号
Spatial-temporal variation characteristics of land surface temperature in Qinghai Province from 1980 to 2017
Received date: 2020-02-27
Revised date: 2020-06-04
Online published: 2021-03-05
地表温度是区域气候、农业生产及土壤养分的重要影响因素,分析地表温度的变化规律对深入了解气候变化的原因及农业生产的布局具有重要意义。基于青海省35个气象基站1980—2017年逐日地表温度、气温和风速数据,采用线性趋势分析、Mann-Kendall非参数检验、小波分析等数理统计方法对青海省地表温度的时空变化特征及其与气温、风速、海拔等因子的关系进行了研究。结果表明：（1） 青海省年均地表温度呈波动上升的趋势,增温速率达0.68 ℃·(10a)-1（P<0.01）,2001年发生突变;地表温度变化存在明显的季节差异,冬季地温变化速率最明显,为0.77 ℃·(10a)-1（P<0.01）,其他季节差异不大;青海省年均地表温度具有4~7 a和11~16 a两种周期变化;（2） 全年地表平均温度分别在青南高原和祁连山区形成2个低温区,在柴达木盆地和东部农业区形成2个高温区,且低温区的增温速率较大;（3） 全年及各季地表平均温度与平均气温呈显著正相关,与风速、海拔呈显著负相关关系;（4） 地表平均温度呈现出明显的垂直递减规律且海拔高的地区变暖趋势更加明显。
赵美亮,曹广超,曹生奎,刘富刚,袁杰,张卓,刁二龙,付建新 . 1980—2017年青海省地表温度时空变化特征[J]. 干旱区研究, 2021 , 38(1) : 178 -187 . DOI: 10.13866/j.azr.2021.01.19
Land surface temperature is an important factor affecting the regional climate, agricultural production, and soil nutrients. It is of great significance to analyze the variation law of ground temperature to understand the causes of climate change and the layout of agricultural production. The characteristics of land surface temperature change and its relationship with the meteorological factor in the Qinghai Province were studied by using linear trend analysis, the Mann-Kendall mutation test, and wavelet analysis based on the data of daily land surface temperature, air temperature, and wind speed data from 35 meteorological stations in the study area from 1980 to 2017. The results showed that: (1) The annual average land surface temperature in Qinghai Province showed a fluctuating and rising trend at a rate of 0.68 °C·(10a)-1（P<0.01）, and the mutation point was in 2001. There was a significant seasonal difference in the change of surface temperature, and the rate of change was most obvious in winter, which was 0.77 °C· (10a)-1 (P<0.01). There was little difference in the other seasons. The average annual land surface temperature of Qinghai Province was based on two periodic changes of 4-7 a and 11-16 a. (2) The average annual land surface temperature of two low-temperature centers in the Qingnan plateau and Qilian mountain area was compared with two high-temperature centers of the Qaidam Basin and Eastern agricultural area, and the rate of temperature increase of the low-temperature center was faster. (3) The annual and quarterly average land surface temperatures had a significant positive correlation with the average temperature but were negatively correlated with wind speed and altitude. (4) The average surface temperature showed an obvious vertical decreasing pattern, and the warming trend was more obvious in areas with high altitude.
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