天气与气候

中国北方一次强沙尘暴天气过程的大气污染效应

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  • (1、成都信息工程大学 大气科学学院,四川 成都 610225;
    2.中国电力科学研究院新能源与储能运行控制国家重点实验室,北京 100192)
蒋雨荷(1994-),女,硕士研究生,主要从事气象环境与健康研究.E-mail:1404492639@qq.com.

收稿日期: 2018-01-03

  修回日期: 2018-06-20

  网络出版日期: 2018-11-08

基金资助

国家自然科学基金重大研究计划重点支持项目(91644226);国家电网公司科技项目资助(1704-00206)和国家基础科技条件平台建设项目(NCMI-SBS17-201707,NCMI-SJS15-201707)共同资助

Air Pollution in a Strong Sandstorm in North China

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  • (1. College of Atmospheric Sciences, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, Sicuan,China;
    2. State Key Laboratory of Control of New Energy and Energy Storage, China Academy of Electric Power Research, Beijing 100192, China)

Received date: 2018-01-03

  Revised date: 2018-06-20

  Online published: 2018-11-08

摘要

利用常规环境监测的污染物浓度数据、NCEP/NCAR 0.5°×0.5°再分析资料以及常规气象观测资料,对2017年5月3—6日先后影响了我国13个省(自治区、直辖市)的强沙尘暴大气污染过程进行了研究。结果表明:主要受影响城市的PM10日平均浓度相对月平均浓度增长了2~10倍,PM2.5日平均浓度相对月平均浓度增长了5~8倍。强沙尘暴爆发期间颗粒物浓度呈明显的上升趋势,且PM10浓度值较PM2.5浓度值增幅更加明显,表明沙尘暴挟裹了大量的粗颗粒污染物;相反,沙尘暴发生期间,SO2、CO和NO2三种气态污染物的日平均浓度均呈下降趋势,表明沙尘暴对气态污染物有一定的扩散效应,而对O3浓度变化无显著影响。此外,沙尘暴爆发期间能见度低值区、PM10浓度高值区以及3h正变压区的位置基本一致,都位于地面冷锋的后部地区,这为沙尘暴及其污染预报和预防提供了天气学依据

本文引用格式

蒋雨荷,王式功1、靳双龙2、樊晋1 . 中国北方一次强沙尘暴天气过程的大气污染效应[J]. 干旱区研究, 2018 , 35(6) : 1344 -1351 . DOI: 10.13866/j.azr.2018.06.11

Abstract

In this study, the routine environmental monitoring of pollutant concentration data, NCEP/NCAR 0.5°×0.5° reanalysis data and conventional meteorological observation data were used. The purpose of the study was to lucubrate the air pollution process of a strong sandstorm in 13 provinces (including autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) in China from May 3 to 6, 2017. The results showed that the average daily concentration of PM10 in the main cities suffering from the sandstorm was increased by 2-10 times relative to the monthly average. The average daily concentration of PM2.5 was increased by 5~8 times relative to the monthly average concentration. During the intense sandstorm, the concentration of particulate matter was in a clear upward trend, and the increase of PM10 concentration was more obvious than that of PM2.5, which indicated that the sandstorm carried a large amount of coarse particle pollutants. On the contrary, during the occurrence of sandstorm, the average daily concentrations of SO2, CO and NO2 were in a decrease trend, which revealed that the sandstorm had a certain effect of diffusing O3. In addition, the locations of the regions with low visibility, high PM10 concentration and 3 h positive pressure were basically accorded with and located in the rear of ground cold front, which could provide a synoptic basis for predicting and preventing sandstorm and its pollution.

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