通过分析石羊河流域降水量、径流量、输沙量等水文参数，统计沙漠化土地面积变化，揭示流域水文与水资源特征和沙漠化土地变化规律，为流域沙漠化土地防治提供科学依据与理论基础。研究表明：2005—2021年，石羊河流域降水量呈增加趋势，但变率大且维持在较低水平，多年平均降水量仅234.70 mm；1993—2004年，蔡旗水文站年径流量下降，年输沙量上升；1999—2021年，杂木寺水文站年径流量增加，年输沙量减小；2005—2021年，石羊河流域水资源总量年均减少0.24×10⁸ m³，多年平均用水量和耗水量分别为24.70×10⁸ m³和17.07×10⁸ m³，且农业和林果产业用水量和耗水量偏高。1975—2014年流域沙漠化土地总面积减小，表明区域生态治理工程取得一定成效，但不同时段和不同沙漠化类型土地变化仍有较大差异。

In this article, using the parameters of hydrological, water resources, and the desertification area of the Shiyang River basin in different periods, the basin hydrology, water resources, desertification, and its changes in the relationship between them were quantitatively studied. It provides the data and the theoretical basis for hydrological, water resource features, and land desertification in this area. The research showed that although the precipitation in the Shiyang River basin had increased from 2005 to 2021, the variability was large and remained at a low level, with an average annual precipitation of only 234.70 mm. From 1993-2004, the annual precipitation at the Caiqi hydrological station reduced, whereas the annual sediment transport increased. The annual precipitation at the Zamusi hydrological station increased from 1999 to 2021, whereas the annual sediment discharge decreased. From 2005 to 2021, the total amount of water resources in the Shiyang River basin decreased by 0.24×10⁸ m³ ·a^-1, but water consumption and water consumption remained at high levels of 24.70× 10⁸ m³ and 17.07×10⁸ m³, with high water consumption and consumption in agriculture, forestry, and fruit industries, exacerbating the irrationality of water resource utilization in the basin. From 1975 to 2014, the total area of desertified land in the basin reduced, but the land changes in different periods and desertification types remained quite different, and the situation of desertification prevention and control in the basin was still grim.