干旱区研究

干旱区研究 >

2023 , Vol. 40 >Issue 11: 1707 - 1717

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13866/j.azr.2023.11.01

天气与气候

塔里木盆地沙尘天气日数变化及影响因素

  • 程红霞 ,
  • 林粤江 ,
  • 陈鹏 ,
  • 梁凤超 ,
  • 王勇
展开
  • 1.乌鲁木齐气象卫星地面站，新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011
    2.中国气象局气象干部培训学院新疆分院，新疆 乌鲁木齐 830013
程红霞（1977-），女，博士，主要从事遥感和地理信息系统应用方面的研究. E-mail: chx69@163.com

收稿日期: 2023-05-10

  修回日期: 2023-07-17

  网络出版日期: 2023-12-01

基金资助

新疆维吾尔自治区重点任务研发专项(2022294425);新疆气象局引导性计划项目(YD202215);国家自然科学基金项目(41965002);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(2022D01B09)

收起

Spatial characteristics of sand-dust weather days and influencing factors in the Tarim Basin

  • Hongxia CHENG ,
  • Yuejiang LIN ,
  • Peng CHEN ,
  • Fengchao LIANG ,
  • Yong WANG
Expand
  • 1. Urumqi Meteorological Satellite Station, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China
    2. Xinjiang Branch of CMA Training Centre, Urumqi 830013, Xinjiang, China

Received date: 2023-05-10

  Revised date: 2023-07-17

  Online published: 2023-12-01

Fold

摘要

基于塔里木盆地32个气象站点1964—2022年观测数据，采用Sen+M-K趋势分析、重心移动模型、标准化回归系数和空间聚类方法，从空间特征角度着重分析塔里木盆地不同类型沙尘年日数的变化、趋势和移动规律，以及影响因素的贡献率。结果表明：（1） 盆地以浮尘为主，其次是扬沙、沙尘暴，总体呈现南多北少的空间分布格局，且具有显著下降趋势。（2） 盆地不同类型沙尘日数的重心呈向东南部移动的趋势，其中沙尘暴重心移动幅度最大。（3） 气温升高、风速降低和大风日数减少是塔里木盆地沙尘日数减少的主要影响因素，降水量影响最小。（4） 降水量对沙尘变化的贡献率高值聚集在盆地西部，平均气温和平均最高气温分别在盆地南部和西部，而大风日数和平均风速分别在盆地西北部和东南部。研究结果可为塔里木盆地有针对性的制定区域适用性防风固沙措施提供科学依据。

关键词： 沙尘日数; 重心移动模型; 影响因素; 贡献率; 空间聚类; 塔里木盆地

本文引用格式

程红霞 , 林粤江 , 陈鹏 , 梁凤超 , 王勇 . 塔里木盆地沙尘天气日数变化及影响因素[J]. 干旱区研究, 2023 , 40(11) : 1707 -1717 . DOI: 10.13866/j.azr.2023.11.01

Abstract

This study used the Sen+M-K trend analysis, the gravity center movement model, the standardized regression coefficient, and the spatial clustering methods to reveal the spatial characteristics of the variation, trends, and movement of dust days of various types and the contribution rate of their influencing factors in the Tarim Basin based on the annual data of 32 meteorological stations between 1964 and 2022. The results indicated: (1) Floating dust, followed by blowing sand and sandstorms, dominate the Tarim Basin, showing a spatial distribution pattern of more in the south and less in the north, and the dust days of various types show significantly decreasing trends. (2) The gravity centers of dust days of various types in the Tarim Basin tended to move southeast, and the gravity center of sandstorm days moved the most. (3) Warmer temperatures, lower wind speeds, and fewer gale days were the main factors in the decreased dust days in the Tarim Basin, whereas precipitation had the least influence. (4) The high contribution rates of precipitation to dust days are clustered in the western part of the Tarim Basin, mean temperature and mean maximum temperature in the southern and western parts, respectively, and gale days and mean wind speed in the northwestern and southeastern parts, respectively. This study’s results can provide a scientific basis for developing regionally applicable wind-breaking and sand-fixing measures in the Tarim Basin.

Key words： dust days; gravity center movement model; influencing factor; contribution rate; spatial clustering; Tarim Basin

参考文献

[1] 国家气象中心. 沙尘天气等级(GB/T 20480-2017)[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2017.
[1] [National Meteorological Center. Classification of Sand and Dust Weather (GB/T 20480-2017)[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2017.]
[2] 中国气象局气象探测中心. 地面气象观测规范天气现象(GB/T 35224-2017)[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2017.
[2] [Meteorological Detection Center, China Meteorological Administration. Specifications for Surface Meteorological Observation—Weather Phenomenon (GB/T 35224-2017)[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2017.]
[3] Mao R, Gong D Y, Kim S J, et al. Increasing spring dust storms in the future over the Taklimakan Desert, Northwest China: Implications from changes in circulation pattern frequency in CMIP6[J]. Environmental Research Communications, 2021, 3(11): 111002.
[4] 杨婕, 赵天良, 程叙耕, 等. 2000—2019年中国北方地区沙尘暴时空变化及其相关影响因素[J]. 环境科学学报, 2021, 41(8): 2966-2975.
[4] [Yang Jie, Zhao Tianliang, Cheng Xugeng, et al. Temporal and spatial variations of sandstorm and the related meteorological influences over northern China from 2000 to 2019[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2021, 41(8): 2966-2975.]
[5] 陈晶, 郭晓宁, 白文娟, 等. 近60 a柴达木盆地沙尘天气时空变化特征及其影响因子[J]. 干旱区研究, 2021, 38(4): 1040-1047.
[5] [Chen Jing, Guo Xiaoning, Bai Wenjuan, et al. Spatiotemporal characteristics and influencing factors of dust weather in Qaidam Basin in recent 60 years[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2021, 38(4): 1040-1047.]
[6] 马禹, 肖开提, 王旭. 塔里木盆地沙尘天气的气候特征[J]. 北京大学学报(自然科学版), 2006, 42(6): 784-790.
[6] [Ma Yu, Xiao Kaiti, Wang Xu. Climatological characteristics of dust weathers in the Tarim Basin[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 2006, 42(6): 784-790.]
[7] 马禹, 王旭, 康凤琴. 塔里木盆地浮尘影响因子的强度变化[J]. 北京大学学报(自然科学版), 2007, 43(3): 13-20.
[7] [Ma Yu, Wang Xu, Kang Fengqin. Intensity variation of influence factors on floating dust in the Tarim Basin[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 2007, 43(3): 13-20.]
[8] Baghbanan P, Ghavidel Y, Farajzadeh M. Spatial analysis of the temporal long-term variations in frequency of dust storm days in Iran[J]. Pure and Applied Geophysics, 2021, 178: 4181-4194.
[9] 孟露, 赵天良, 何清, 等. 近30年塔里木盆地浮尘天气及持续浮尘滞空的气候特征[J]. 气象学报, 2022, 80(2): 322-333.
[9] [Meng Lu, Zhao Tianliang, He Qing, et al. Climatic characteristics of floating dust and persistent floating dust over the Tarim Basin in the recent 30 years[J]. Acta Meteorologica Sinica, 2022, 80(2): 322-333.]
[10] Tai A, Ma P, Chan Y C, et al. Impacts of climate and land cover variability and trends on springtime East Asian dust emission over 1982-2010: A modeling study[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2021, 254(D12): 118348.
[11] Wu C, Lin Z, Shao Y, et al. Drivers of recent decline in dust activity over East Asia[J]. Nature Communications, 2022, 13: 7105.
[12] Ghavidel Y, Baghbanan P, Farajzadeh M. Temporal long-term variations in the occurrence of dust storm days in Iran[J]. Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, 2020, 132(6): 885-898.
[13] 翟盘茂, 李晓燕. 中国北方沙尘天气的气候条件[J]. 地理学报, 2003, 58(7): 125-131.
[13] [Zhai Panmao, Li Xiaoyan. On climate background of duststorms over northern China[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2003, 58(7): 125-131.]
[14] Pi H, Sharratt B, Lei J. Atmospheric dust events in central Asia: Relationship to wind, soil type, and land use[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2017, 122(12): 6652-6671.
[15] 王森, 王雪姣, 陈东东, 等. 1961—2017年南疆地区沙尘天气的时空变化特征及影响因素分析[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 2019, 33(9): 81-86.
[15] [Wang Sen, Wang Xuejiao, Chen Dongdong, et al. The spatial and temporal variation characteristics and influencing factors of dust weather in the southern Xinjiang from 1961 to 2017[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2019, 33(9): 81-86.]
[16] 杨显玉, 朱俊橙, 文军, 等. 南疆大风气候特征分析及其对沙尘天气的影响[J]. 高原气象. 2023, 42(1): 186-196.
[16] [Yang Xianyu, Zhu Juncheng, Wen Jun, et al. Analysis on characteristics of gale climate in south Xinjiang and its influence on sandstorm[J]. Plateau Meteorology, 2023, 42(1): 186-196.]
[17] Xiao F J, Zhou C P, Liao Y M. Dust storms evolution in Taklimakan Desert and its correlation with climatic parameters[J]. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2008, 18(4): 415-424.
[18] Theil H. A rank-invariant method of linear and polynomial regression analysis, in: henri theil’s contributions to economics and econometrics[J]. Advanced Studies in Theoretical and Applied Econornetrics, 1992, 23: 345-381.
[19] 屠爽爽, 简代飞, 龙花楼, 等. 广西主要农作物生产格局演变特征与机制研究[J]. 地理学报, 2022, 77(9): 2322-2337.
[19] [Tu Shuangshuang, Jian Daifei, Long Hualou, et al. Evolution characteristics and mechanism of major crops production patterns in Guangxi[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2022, 77(9): 2322-2337.]
[20] 庄慧敏, 张朝, 程飞, 等. 1992—2018年中国旱作农田土壤湿度的时空模式及气象驱动因素[J]. 地理学报, 2022, 77(9): 2308-2321.
[20] [Zhuang Huimin, Zhang Zhao, Cheng Fei, et al. Spatiotemporal pattern of soil moisture and its meteorological driving factors in dry croplands across China from 1992 to 2018[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2022, 77(9): 2308-2321.]
[21] 李志林, 刘启亮, 唐建波. 尺度驱动的空间聚类理论[J]. 测绘学报, 2017, 46(10): 1534-1548.
[21] [Li Zhilin, Liu Qiliang, Tang Jianbo. Towards a scale-driven theory for spatial clustering[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2017, 46(10): 1534-1548.]
[22] 李菲菲, 周霞, 周玉玺. 西北地区农业干旱脆弱性评估及时空分布特征[J]. 干旱区研究, 2023, 40(4): 663-669.
[22] [Li Feifei, Zhou Xia, Zhou Yuxi. Vulnerability assessment and spatiotemporal distribution of agricultural drought in Northwest China[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2023, 40(4): 663-669.]
[23] 韩永翔, 方小敏, 宋连春, 等. 塔里木盆地中的大气环流及沙尘暴成因探讨——根据沙漠风积地貌和气象观测重建的风场[J]. 大气科学, 2005, 29(4): 627-635.
[23] [Han Yongxiang, Fang Xiaomin, Song Lianchun, et al. A study of atmospheric circulation and dust storm causes of formation in the Tarim Basin—the restructured wind field by shapes of dune and observed prevailing wind[J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 2005, 29(4): 627-635.]
[24] Yang X H, Shen S H, Yang F, et al. Spatial and temporal variations of blowing dust events in the Taklimakan Desert[J]. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 2015, 125(3-4): 669-677.
[25] Mu L M, Su J, Mo X Y, et al. The temporal-spatial variations and potential causes of dust events in Xinjiang Basin during 1960-2015[J]. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 2021, 9: 727844.
[26] Huang J X, Zhang Q B, Tan J, et al. Association between forestry ecological engineering and dust weather in Inner Mongolia: A panel study[J]. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 2018, 104: 76-83.
[27] Du Z Q, Rong R, Wu Z T, et al. Examining the efficacy of revegetation practices in ecosystem restoration programs: Insights from a hotspot of sandstorm in northern China[J]. Frontiers of Earth Science, 2021, 15(4): 922-935.
Options
文章导航

/

〈 〉