基于1960—2020年黄河流域89个气象站点资料，采用Mann-Kendall突变检验、Morlet小波分析和相关分析等方法对黄河流域生长季始期（GSS）、生长季末期（GSE）、生长季长度（GSL）、生长季内≥10 ℃活动积温（AT10）和≥10 ℃活动积温天数（DT10）的时空变化特征及其影响因素进行了分析。结果表明：（1）1960—2020年黄河流域GSS显著提前[-2.04 d·(10a)^-1]，GSE呈推迟趋势[0.85 d·(10a)^-1]，GSL显著延长[2.88 d·(10a)^-1]，但区域差异较大，下游GSS开始最早（2月23），上游最晚（3月30），上游GSE结束最早（10月24），下游最晚（11月30），下游GSL最长为334.03 d，上游最短为297.33 d。（2）近61 a黄河流域GSL的显著延长主要源于GSS的显著提前。（3）近61 a来黄河流域生长季指标存在28 a左右的周期变化，GSS、AT10和DT10于1998年发生突变，GSL于2002年发生突变。（4）黄河流域上、中、下游地区生长季指标变化趋势一致，下游地区变化幅度最大，上游地区次之，中游地区变幅最小。（5）相关分析表明，近61 a来黄河流域GSS提前主要与春季升温有关，GSE延迟主要源于秋季增温，上游和下游地区GSL延长主要源于春季增温，中游地区GSL延长主要与秋季变暖有关。

Data from 89 meteorological stations in the Yellow River Basin from 1960 to 2020 was used in this investigation. The Mann-Kendall mutation test as well as Morlet wavelet and correlation analyses were conducted to assess the spatial and temporal change characteristics and influencing factors at the beginning of the growing season (GSS), the end of the growing season (GSE), and the length of the growing season (GSL), as well as days with an active accumulated temperature of ≥10 ℃ (AT10) and active accumulated temperature of ≥10 ℃ (DT10) during the growing season. From 1960 to 2020 the GSS significantly advanced at a rate of -2.04 d·(10a)^-1, while the GSE showed a delayed trend with a change rate of 0.85 d·(10a)^-1, and the GSL was significantly prolonged at a rate of 2.88 d·(10a)^-1; there were also significant regional differences. The GSS in the lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin was the earliest (February 23), while that in the upper reaches was the latest (March 30). Furthermore, the GSE in the upper reaches ended early (October 24), while that in the lower reaches was the latest (November 30), and the GSL in lower reaches was the longest (334.03 d), while that in the upper reaches was the shortest (297.33 d). The significant extension of GSL was mainly due to the significant advance of GSS. Over the past 61 years, the growth season indices were found to have a main period of approximately 28 a in the Yellow River Basin. GSS, AT10, and DT10 mutated in 1998, and GSL mutated in 2002. The changing trends for the growth season indices in the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin were consistent, with the largest change occurring in the lower reaches, followed by the upper and middle reaches, respectively. Correlation analyses showed that GSS advances in the Yellow River Basin were mainly related to spring warming over the past 61 years, and the delay of GSE was mainly due to autumn warming, the extension of GSL in the upstream and downstream areas was mainly due to spring warming, and the extension of GSL into the middle reaches was mainly related to autumn warming.