干旱区研究

干旱区研究 >

2023 , Vol. 40 >Issue 8: 1346 - 1357

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13866/j.azr.2023.08.15

生态与环境

天山南坡山前荒漠草地植物群落分布对环境因子的响应——以拜城县为例

  • 鲁元波 ,
  • 严成 ,
  • 宋春武 ,
  • 李雅娟 ,
  • 来赪雲
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  • 1.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所，新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011
    2.中国科学院大学，北京 100049
    3.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所国家荒漠-绿洲生态建设工程技术研究中心，新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011
    4.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所莫索湾沙漠研究站，新疆 石河子 832000
    5.新疆拜城润华煤业有限公司，新疆 拜城 842300
鲁元波(1996-)，男，硕士研究生，主要从事生态恢复研究. E-mail: 1652587990@qq.com

收稿日期: 2023-02-06

  修回日期: 2023-03-24

  网络出版日期: 2023-08-24

基金资助

“拜城润华煤矿无（低）灌溉植被生态修复关键技术研发集成与试验示范”项目

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Response of plant community distribution in the pre-montane desert grassland on the southern slope of Tianshan Mountain to environmental factors: A case study in Baicheng County

  • Yuanbo LU ,
  • Cheng YAN ,
  • Chunwu SONG ,
  • Yajuan LI ,
  • Zhaoyun LAI
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  • 1. Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China
    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
    3. National Engineering Research Center for Desert-Oasis Ecological Construction, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China
    4. Mosuo Bay Desert Research Station, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China
    5. Xinjiang Baicheng Runhua Coal Industry Co., Ltd., Baicheng 842300, Xinjiang, China

Received date: 2023-02-06

  Revised date: 2023-03-24

  Online published: 2023-08-24

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摘要

为探明天山南坡拜城县山前荒漠草地植物群落分布对地形与土壤因子的响应，本研究选取了拜城山前荒漠草地典型区域进行调查，采用优势度法和典范对应分析（Canonical correspondence analysis，CCA）法，研究山地荒漠草地植物群落分布与地形和土壤因子之间的关系。结果表明：（1） 不同调查样点灌木层和草本层物种多样性存在差异，东坡调查样点Shannon-Wiener指数、Pielou指数和Simpson指数均表现为灌木大于草本，西坡和北坡调查样点Shannon-Wiener指数、Pielou指数和Simpson指数均表现为草本大于灌木；（2） 典范对应分析法分析结果表明，地形因子对植物群落的影响大小顺序为：坡向（SA）>坡度（SG）>坡位（SP），土壤因子对植物群落的影响大小为：30~100 cm土层土壤水分（SMC-2）>土壤总孔隙度（STP）>0~30 cm土层土壤水分（SMC-1）。地形和土壤因子对不同植物群落的形成具有一定的筛选作用，30~100 cm土层土壤水分和坡向是影响天山南坡拜城县山前荒漠草地植物群落分布的关键因子。

关键词： 地形因子; 土壤因子; 天山南坡; 寒旱地区; CCA分析

本文引用格式

鲁元波 , 严成 , 宋春武 , 李雅娟 , 来赪雲 . 天山南坡山前荒漠草地植物群落分布对环境因子的响应——以拜城县为例[J]. 干旱区研究, 2023 , 40(8) : 1346 -1357 . DOI: 10.13866/j.azr.2023.08.15

Abstract

To investigate the response of plant community distribution to topography and soil factors in the pre-mountain desert grassland of Baicheng County on the southern piedmont of Tianshan Mountain, we selected a typical area for investigation. We used the dominance method and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) to study the relationship between plant community distribution and topography and soil factors in the mountain desert grassland. We observed differences in the species diversity of shrub and herb layers between survey sample sites. Specifically, the Shannon-Wiener index, Pielou index, and Simpson index on the eastern slope showed more shrubs than herbs; while on the western and northern slopes, these indexes showed more herbs than shrubs. The results of CCA show that topographic factors influenced plant community diversity in the order of slope orientation > slope gradient > slope position; and soil factors influenced plant community diversity in the order of soil moisture in the 30-100 cm soil layer > total soil porosity (STP) > soil moisture in the 0-30 cm soil layer (SMC-1). Topography and soil factors had certain screening effects on the formation of plant communities. Soil moisture in the 30-100 cm soil layer and slope orientation were the key factors affecting the distribution of plant communities in the pre-mountain desert grassland of Baicheng County on the southern piedmont of Tianshan Mountain.

Key words： terrain factors; soil factors; southern slopes of the Tianshan Mountains; cold and arid areas; canonical correspondence analysis

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