干旱区研究

干旱区研究 >

2023 , Vol. 40 >Issue 6: 874 - 884

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13866/j.azr.2023.06.03

天气与气候

新疆大气PM2.5来源与潜在贡献源分析

  • 许君利 ,
  • 韩海东 ,
  • 王建
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  • 1.盐城师范学院苏北农业农村现代化研究院，江苏 盐城 224007
    2.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院，甘肃 兰州 730000
许君利（1983-），女，博士，副教授，主要研究方向为干旱区环境. E-mail: xujunli05@lzb.ac.cn

收稿日期: 2022-09-28

  修回日期: 2022-11-29

  网络出版日期: 2023-06-21

基金资助

中国科学院A类战略性先导科技专项(XDA19070501);国家自然科学基金项目(41471060);中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室开放基金项目(SKLCS-OP-2020-7)

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Recharge sources and potential source areas of atmospheric PM2.5 in Xinjiang

  • Junli XU ,
  • Haidong HAN ,
  • Jian WANG
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  • 1. North Jiangsu Institute of Agricultural and Rural Modernization, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, Jiangsu, China
    2. Northwest Institute of Eco-environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China

Received date: 2022-09-28

  Revised date: 2022-11-29

  Online published: 2023-06-21

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摘要

利用2021年3月—2022年2月新疆空气质量数据分析PM2.5浓度演化特征及其控制因素，结合因子分析和NO2、SO2与CO的来源特性辨别物质排放源，并借助基于Hysplit模式的MeteoInfo软件包确定PM2.5输送路径和潜在贡献源区分布状况。结果表明：（1） 新疆PM2.5浓度显著偏高，尤其是冬季平均高达86.16 μg·m-3。其中，天山北坡经济带PM2.5来源主要受周围油气田作业排放及其输送过程中大风扬尘的支配，而其他地区的PM2.5主要源于大风扬尘，辅以石油与天然气燃烧排放。（2） 天山北坡经济带经油气田作业区气流输送PM2.5浓度虽然仅为局地路径的50%，但路径占比达50%，因此，应是区域PM2.5来源的重要通道，且PM2.5浓度变异系数高达103.6%，是导致雾霾甚至浮尘天气形成的关键因素。哈密盆地与塔里木盆地物质补给路径虽然存在差异，但二者PM2.5潜在贡献源区均主要分布在孔雀河流域和罗布泊等地。（3） 外源气流受盆地地形作用而演化成辐合/辐散气流，辅以（类）山谷风促进污染物混合，应是天山北坡经济带和塔里木盆地内PM2.5演化趋势类似的成因之一。

关键词： PM2.5; 聚类分析; Hysplit模式; 潜在贡献源区; 新疆

本文引用格式

许君利 , 韩海东 , 王建 . 新疆大气PM2.5来源与潜在贡献源分析[J]. 干旱区研究, 2023 , 40(6) : 874 -884 . DOI: 10.13866/j.azr.2023.06.03

Abstract

Using the air pollutant mass concentration data in Xinjiang from March 2021 to February 2022, the evolution characteristics of PM2.5 concentration and its potential contribution source area were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) The concentration of PM2.5 in Xinjiang was significantly high, especially in winter, the average was as high as 86.16 μg·m-3, which had certain potential risks to human health. Influenced by the near-surface air stability, the PM2.5 concentration was higher at nighttime and lower in the daytime, but supplemented by (similar) valley winds, the PM2.5 concentration exhibited a significant double-peak pattern in the Hami Basin and the Tarim Basin. (2) The PM2.5 in the economic belt of the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains was mainly dominated by the emission from the surrounding oil and gas fields and the dust from strong winds during the transportation process, while the source of PM2.5 in other areas, where human activities were relatively weak, was mainly controlled by the dust from strong winds, supplemented by the combustion of oil and natural gas. (3) The overall low concentration of PM2.5 in each path in the source region of the Irtysh River indicates that the impact of pollutants on environmental quality could be ignored. The high concentration of PM2.5 in the NB area was mainly affected by the local atmospheric circulation, but the airflow passing through the oil and gas industry area was a key factor leading to the formation of haze and floating dust weather. Although there are differences in the material supply paths between the Hami Basin and the Tarim Basin, their PM2.5 potential contribution source areas were all mainly distributed in the Kongqi River Basin and Lop Nur on the eastern edge of the Taklimakan Desert. (4) Exogenous airflow evolved into convergent/divergent airflow due to the topography of the basin, supplemented by (quasi) valley winds to promote the mixing of pollutants, which could be the key factor for the similar evolution trend of PM2.5 in the economic belt of the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains and Tarim Basin.

Key words： PM2.5; cluster analysis; Hybrid single-particle lagrangian integrated trajectory (Hysplit) model; potential contribution source area; Xinjiang

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