为实现农牧交错带生态用地与生产用地的协调发展，提升区域生态功能，以张家口坝上地区为例，构建土地利用转移矩阵，利用地理集中度和地理探测器模型，揭示生态用地与生产用地时空变化、转换特征和驱动因素。结果表明：（1） 2000—2020年，张家口坝上地区生态用地规模增加了5.41%，表现为先增后减的变化趋势，生产用地规模减少了6.89%，表现为先减后增的变化趋势。（2） 生态用地和生产用地之间相互转换频繁，生产用地向生态用地转换了21.23×10⁴ hm²，转换数量逐渐减少，自然条件较好地区（降雨量多、海拔低和坡度缓等）的生产用地开始向生态用地转换；生态用地向生产用地转换了12.47×10⁴ hm²，转换数量逐渐增加，且自然条件较恶劣地区的生态用地开始向生产用地转变。（3） 土壤有机质、人均耕地面积和坡度等是影响生产用地向生态用地转换的主要因素，土壤有机质与人均耕地面积的交互作用解释力最大；土壤有机质含量低、人均耕地面积多、坡度6°~15°和年均降雨量低于400 mm的地区容易发生生产用地向生态用地转变。坡度、年均降雨量和人均耕地面积等是影响生态用地向生产用地转变的主要因素，坡度与地貌类型的交互作用解释力最大；在坡度2°~6°较缓区、年均降雨量大于400 mm、人均耕地面积少的地区容易发生生态用地向生产用地转变。研究区近年来出现生态用地向生产用地的转换应引起重视。

In farming-pastoral ecotone, coordinated development between ecological land and production land is of great significance. A land use transfer matrix was constructed in the Bashang region. We used the geographic concentration method and the geographic detector model to detect the spatiotemporal change, transformation characteristics, and its driving force between ecological land and production land. The results showed the following: (1) From 2000 to 2020, the ecological land area increased by 5.41%, although the trend appearedto decrease; meanwhile, the production land area decreased by 6.89%, although the trend appeared to increase. (2) The conversion between ecological land and production land occurred frequently. The area converted from production land to ecological land was 21.23×10⁴ hm², and the conversion amount decreased. These conversions were mainly distributed in regions with rich natural conditions (abundant rainfall, low altitude, and gentle slope). The area converted from ecological land to production land was 12.47×10⁴ hm², and the conversion amount increased. These conversions were mainly distributed in regions with poor natural conditions (low rainfall, high altitude, and steep slope). (3) In the single factors, soil organic matter, per capita cultivated land area, and slope arewere the main factors influencing the conversion from production land to ecological land. In the interaction factors, the interaction between soil organic matter and per capita cultivated land area was the most influential factor. The conversion from production land to ecological land usually occurred in the regions with low soil organic matter content, large per capita cultivated area, slope of 6°-15°, and annual average rainfall of <400 mm. Slope, annual average rainfall, and per capita cultivated land area were the main factors influencing the conversion from ecological land to production land. The interaction between slope and geomorphic agents was the most influential factor. The conversion from ecological land to production land usually occurred in the regions with a slope of 2°-6°, annual average rainfall of >400 mm, and small per capita cultivated land area. Attention should be drawn to the conversion between ecological land and productive land in the study area over the coming years.